Determinizing the contributions of human activities and climate change on greening in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China

Cao, Wei; Wu, Dan; Huang, Lin; Mei, Pan; Huhe, Taoli

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-00788-4

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions, the implementation of the Three-North Shelter Forest Program and the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Program resulted in a significant vegetation restoration (Zhao et al, 2019). The advancement of urbanization was also highlighted as the main factor for vegetation degradation in some areas (Cao et al, 2021). These findings were generally consistent with the study, the improved vegetation coverage in the YHHRB was mainly caused by climate change and human activities, both of which caused more than 60% of the area to increase NDVI.…”

Section: Relative Contributions Of Different Factors To Vegetation Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on vegetation change in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River Basin

Zhang

Bao

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Yellow-Huai-Hai River Basin (YHHRB) is an important ecological barrier in China. There are obvious spatiotemporal differences and intrinsic drivers of vegetation coverage in this region. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and meteorological data, the spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation change in the YHHRB from 1982 to 2015 and its related driving factors were analyzed. Combined with CAM5.1-1 degree model data, the impacts of natural and anthropogenic forcings on climate change were separated, and the relative roles of other driving factors, natural and anthropogenic forcings, in vegetation change were further distinguished by using a residual trend method. Results showed that the vegetation coverage increased during the study period, the NDVI increased with a slope of 0.014/10a, and the areas with NDVI significant increased accounted for 75.78%. NDVI was positively correlated with precipitation and temperature in the YHHRB, and the correlation between NDVI and temperature was higher than that of precipitation, indicating that vegetation growth was more sensitive to temperature. Residual analysis indicated that other driving factors, natural and anthropogenic forcings, were responsible for 48.52%, 26.36%, and 25.12% of NDVI variation, respectively. Natural forcing contributed most to vegetation change in the Huai River Basin, whereas anthropogenic forcing and other driving factors had large effects on vegetation coverage in the Hai River Basin. In addition, obvious spatial differences were observed in the relative roles of different driving forces on vegetation conditions. The areas where natural forcing contributed most were mainly distributed in the upper Yellow River Basin, while the areas where other driving factors played a significant role in vegetation restoration were mainly concentrated in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi Province, and northern Hebei Province. Climate change and active human activities both made positive impacts on vegetation restoration, and the change in land use was the main factor causing vegetation degradation. The results are meaningful for the ongoing ecological civilization construction project in the YHHRB.

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Section: Relative Contributions Of Different Factors To Vegetation Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on vegetation change in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River Basin

Zhang

Bao

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Generally, the positive impact of human activities improves vegetation coverage, resulting in further ecological improvements (Huang et al, 2022). Conversely, unreasonable human activities can destroy surface vegetation, and population growth, economic development, and urban expansion inevitably lead to vegetation browning (Cao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring long‐term vegetation dynamics over the Yangtze River Basin, China, using multi‐temporal remote sensing data

Fu,

Liu,

Qin

et al. 2024

Ecosphere

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Vegetation plays a crucial role in nature, with intricate interactions between it and the geographical environment. The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) refers to the third largest river basin globally and an essential ecological security barrier in China. Monitoring vegetation dynamics in the basin is of profound significance for addressing climate change, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss in the basin's ecosystems. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation at both the basin and land cover scales in the YRB from 2000 to 2020. We elucidate the determinants driving the changes and explore future normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) trends. The results indicate that NDVI in the YRB increased at a rate of 0.0032 year−1 (p < 0.01) over the past 21 years, and it is anticipated to maintain an upward trend in the future. Regions in the upper and middle reaches of the YRB demonstrated higher NDVI, whereas regions in the headwater area and the lower reaches showed lower NDVI. Significant vegetation improvement was primarily concentrated in the central part of the basin, while noticeable vegetation degradation was observed in the eastern region. Temperature and wind speed were identified as the primary controlling factors affecting vegetation greenness. Global‐scale climate oscillations played a significant role in driving periodic variations in NDVI, with La Niña events tending to increase NDVI, while El Niño events hindered its rise. Land cover types were influenced by long‐term interactions between natural factors and human activities, although short‐term vegetation variations might be more affected by the latter. Our findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind vegetation variability driven by multiple variables, and the strong vegetation carbon sink capacity advances the conservation and development of ecosystems.

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“…Studies have tried to separate the effects of climate change and anthropogenic activities on vegetation growth [16][17][18][19][20]. The residual method is a commonly used method, which is based on linear regression and is simple to operate [18,21], but it usually ignores the nonlinear effects of climate change on vegetation, leading to large uncertainties in the assessment results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and CO2 Fertilization Have Played Important Roles in the Recent Decadal Vegetation Greening Trend on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Niu

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Vegetation greening has been widely occurring on the Chinese Loess Plateau, and the contributions of human land-use management have been well-understood. However, the influences of climatic change and CO2 fertilization on reported vegetation variations remain difficult to determine. Therefore, we quantified the impacts of multiple factors on vegetation changes for the Chinese Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2019 by integrating satellite-based leaf area index (LAI) and simulated LAI from dynamic global vegetation models. More than 96% of the vegetated areas of the Loess Plateau exhibited greening trends, with an annually averaged satellite-based LAI rate of 0.037 ± 0.006 m2 m−2 a−1 (P < 0.01). Human land-use management and environmental change have jointly accelerated vegetation growth, explaining 54% and 46% of the overall greening trend, respectively. CO2 fertilization and climate change explain 55% and 45% of the greening trend due to environmental change, respectively; solar radiation and precipitation were the main driving factors for climate-induced vegetation greenness (P < 0.05). Spatially, the eastern part of the Loess Plateau was dominated by CO2 fertilization, while the western part was mainly affected by climate change. Furthermore, solar radiation was the key limiting factor affecting LAI variations in the relatively humid area, while precipitation was the major influencing factor in relatively arid areas. This study highlights the important roles that climate change and CO2 fertilization have played in vegetation greenness in recent decades of the Loess Plateau, despite strong influences of anthropogenic footprint.

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Determinizing the contributions of human activities and climate change on greening in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

The impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on vegetation change in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River Basin

The impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on vegetation change in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River Basin

Monitoring long‐term vegetation dynamics over the Yangtze River Basin, China, using multi‐temporal remote sensing data

Climate Change and CO2 Fertilization Have Played Important Roles in the Recent Decadal Vegetation Greening Trend on the Chinese Loess Plateau

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