Detoxication of industrial pollutants by the glutathione glutathione-S-transferase system in the liver of Anabas testudineus (Bloch)

Chatterjee, Shibani; Bhattacharya, Shelley

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90065-1

Cited by 46 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The cytosolic GST activity, measured with CDNB as the substrate and used by almost all GST isoenzymes at various rates [6,25], was only weakly increased by the tested xenobiotics, including TCDD (Table 1). 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene has been invariably used as the substrate in studies of modulations of GST activities by environmental pollutants with controversial results [9][10][11][12][13][14]26,27]. The GST activity toward CDNB was induced by ␤-naphthoflavone (a CYP1A inducer) or by a PCB mixture [12,27] in immature rainbow trout, and the activity was also enhanced in the hepatic cytosol of nase, grayling, and roach from a PCB-polluted river [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione-Dependent Detoxifying Enzymes in Rainbow Trout Liver: Search for Specific Biochemical Markers of Chemical Stress

Petřivalský¹,

Machala²,

Nezveda³

et al. 1997

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-Activities of trout liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase (GST) and a series of cytosolic glutathione-dependent detoxifying enzymes were determined after a single intraperitoneal treatment with phenobarbital, 2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (p,pЈ-DDE), 2,3,-dimethoxynaphthoquinone (NQ), or 2, 3,7,. This study aimed to find xenobiotic-specific parameters applicable as biochemical markers of the impacts of the prototypal xenobiotics. The effects of xenobiotics on cytosolic GST activities were substrate dependent. The rate of conjugation of p-nitrobenzyl chloride was significantly induced by higher doses of p,pЈ-DDE or NQ. The conjugation of ethacrynic acid was enhanced by phenobarbital, p,pЈ-DDE, and NQ (i.e., by xenobiotics that do not induce cytochrome P4501A forms). The GST activity against 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane was induced only by phenobarbital and by lower doses of p,pЈ-DDE. The cytosolic GST activity, measured with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as a substrate, was only weakly increased by phenobarbital, TCDD, higher doses of p,pЈ-DDE, or by NQ at the lowest dose of 1 mg/kg. Although the latter activity is frequently used as a biomarker in ecotoxicology, various factors (including its weak inducibility) indicate that this biochemical parameter is probably not a suitable indicator of contamination in fish. Similarly, cytosolic glutathione peroxidase was not affected by the prototypal xenobiotics and appeared to be an unsuitable bioindicator of oxidative impacts of the tested compounds. On the other hand, microsomal GST activity was nonspecifically increased by phenobarbital, NQ, TCDD, and high doses of p,pЈ-DDE. Glutathione reductase, another potential biomarker of oxidative stress, was induced by phenobarbital, NQ, and, to a lesser extent, p,pЈ-DDE; therefore it appeared to be a less sensitive indicator to the exposure to prototypal xenobiotics than the microsomal GST. We conclude that the increase of microsomal GST and cytosolic glutathione reductase activities could become useful biochemical markers of oxidative stress, while the induction of cytosolic GST activities toward ethacrynic acid and probably also toward p-nitrobenzyl chloride appear to hold promise as biochemical markers of specific impacts of p,pЈ-DDE and redox cycling quinones in trout liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione-Dependent Detoxifying Enzymes in Rainbow Trout Liver: Search for Specific Biochemical Markers of Chemical Stress

Petřivalský¹,

Machala²,

Nezveda³

et al. 1997

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…However, it can not be taken as a general rule that Hg exposure increases hepatic GSH levels in fi sh livers. A decreased hepatic GSH level was reported in perch ( Anabas testudineus ) exposed to 166 μg/L Hg 2+ for 24 h (Chatterjee and Bhattacharya, 1984), whereas Elia et al (2003) reported that hepatic GSH levels were not altered in catfi sh exposed to 70 or 140 μg/L Hg 2+ for 10 d. Together, these observations suggest that the change in GSH levels in the liver in response to Hg exposure is species-specifi c and is affected by experimental factors (such as exposure dose and duration) and/or other environmental factors. We did not observe differences in hepatic MDA content in fl ounder exposed to different concentrations of Hg.…”

Section: Tissue-specifi C Oxidative Responses Of Fi Sh To Hg Exposurementioning

confidence: 95%

Tissue-specific bioaccumulation and oxidative stress responses in juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to mercury

Huang

Cao

et al. 2012

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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“…However, only the GST conjugating activity toward 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB), a model substrate that is metabolized by all known fish liver GSTs [8], has been used as a biomarker in toxicological and ecotoxicological studies [9]. Like in mammals, GST activities in fish are inducible by exposure to a wide range of pollutants, including PCBs [8,10–12]. However, the cytosolic GST activity against CDNB was not enhanced by TCDD in liver tissue of rainbow trout and cod [13], and no induction was found in some field studies [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione‐dependent detoxifying enzymes in rainbow trout liver: Search for specific biochemical markers of chemical stress

Petřivalský

Machala

Nezveda

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Activities of trout liver microsomal glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and a series of cytosolic glutathione‐dependent detoxifying enzymes were determined after a single intraperitoneal treatment with phenobarbital, 2,2‐bis (p‐chlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dichloroethane (p,p′‐DDE), 2,3,‐dimethoxynaphthoquinone (NQ), or 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD). This study aimed to find xenobiotic‐specific parameters applicable as biochemical markers of the impacts of the prototypal xenobiotics. The effects of xenobiotics on cytosolic GST activities were substrate dependent. The rate of conjugation of p‐nitrobenzyl chloride was significantly induced by higher doses of p,p′‐DDE or NQ. The conjugation of ethacrynic acid was enhanced by phenobarbital, p,p′‐DDE, and NQ (i.e., by xenobiotics that do not induce cytochrome P4501A forms). The GST activity against 1,2‐epoxy‐3‐(p‐nitrophenoxy)propane was induced only by phenobarbital and by lower doses of p,p′‐DDE. The cytosolic GST activity, measured with 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene as a substrate, was only weakly increased by phenobarbital, TCDD, higher doses of p,p′‐DDE, or by NQ at the lowest dose of 1 mg/kg. Although the latter activity is frequently used as a biomarker in ecotoxicology, various factors (including its weak inducibility) indicate that this biochemical parameter is probably not a suitable indicator of contamination in fish. Similarly, cytosolic glutathione peroxidase was not affected by the prototypal xenobiotics and appeared to be an unsuitable bioindicator of oxidative impacts of the tested compounds. On the other hand, microsomal GST activity was nonspecifically increased by phenobarbital, NQ, TCDD, and high doses of p,p′‐DDE. Glutathione reductase, another potential biomarker of oxidative stress, was induced by phenobarbital, NQ, and, to a lesser extent, p,p′‐DDE; therefore it appeared to be a less sensitive indicator to the exposure to prototypal xenobiotics than the microsomal GST. We conclude that the increase of microsomal GST and cytosolic glutathione reductase activities could become useful biochemical markers of oxidative stress, while the induction of cytosolic GST activities toward ethacrynic acid and probably also toward p‐nitrobenzyl chloride appear to hold promise as biochemical markers of specific impacts of p,p′‐DDE and redox cycling quinones in trout liver.

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Detoxication of industrial pollutants by the glutathione glutathione-S-transferase system in the liver of Anabas testudineus (Bloch)

Cited by 46 publications

References 16 publications

Glutathione-Dependent Detoxifying Enzymes in Rainbow Trout Liver: Search for Specific Biochemical Markers of Chemical Stress

Glutathione-Dependent Detoxifying Enzymes in Rainbow Trout Liver: Search for Specific Biochemical Markers of Chemical Stress

Tissue-specific bioaccumulation and oxidative stress responses in juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to mercury

Glutathione‐dependent detoxifying enzymes in rainbow trout liver: Search for specific biochemical markers of chemical stress

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