Detoxification and Excretion of Trichothecenes in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana Expressing Fusarium graminearum Trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase

Hao, Ge‐Fei; McCormick, Susan P.; Tiley, Helene; Usgaard, Thomas

doi:10.3390/toxins13050320

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…They cloned FgTri101 from Fusarium graminearum and expressed it in Arabidopsis plants. The experimental results confirmed that FgTri101 transgenic plants can acetylate DON to 3-ADON, as well as 15-ADON to 3,15-diDON ( Hao et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, Wang et al found that 3-ADON and 15-ADON can be deacetylated to produce DON, which is then degraded into 3-keto-DON ( Wang N. et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Biological Methodssupporting

confidence: 63%

Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: Recent advances in decontamination strategies

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that contaminates animal feed and crops around the world. DON not only causes significant economic losses, but can also lead diarrhea, vomiting, and gastroenteritis in humans and farm animals. Thus, there is an urgent need to find efficient approaches for DON decontamination in feed and food. However, physical and chemical treatment of DON may affect the nutrients, safety, and palatability of food. By contrast, biological detoxification methods based on microbial strains or enzymes have the advantages of high specificity, efficiency, and no secondary pollution. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recently developed strategies for DON detoxification and classify their mechanisms. In addition, we identify remaining challenges in DON biodegradation and suggest research directions to address them. In the future, an in-depth understanding of the specific mechanisms through which DON is detoxified will provide an efficient, safe, and economical means for the removal of toxins from food and feed.

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Section: Biological Methodssupporting

confidence: 63%

Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: Recent advances in decontamination strategies

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Previous studies on the biochemical process of DON detoxification and sequestration have identified five major gene families for mycotoxin detoxification in cereals: UGTs, GSTs, CYP450s, ABC transporters, and MATE (Figure 3; Gardiner, Boddu et al., 2010; Gunupuru et al., 2017; Hao et al., 2021; Lemmens et al., 2005; Li et al., 2010; Pan et al., 2018). While several genes associated with DON detoxification were unique to either the Wilkin DEG group or the AAC Tenacious DEG group, the vast majority of the DON detoxification and sequestering genes identified were common to both the resistant and susceptible responses (Table 4; Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underlying mechanisms of FHB susceptibility and resistance in wheat: Insights from a transcriptome‐based analysis

et al. 2023

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Over the last two decades, several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance have been identified and, in a few cases, resolved to the underlying genes. These results have not consistently translated into better FHB‐resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, nor have they necessarily extended our understanding of how resistance to FHB can be achieved. Despite considerable efforts, FHB remains a serious disease in many wheat‐growing regions. To gain insights into the underlying biology, we examined the wheat transcriptome at a key FHB developmental time point—the switch from the biotrophic to the necrotrophic phase—in both highly resistant (AAC Tenacious) and highly susceptible (Wilkin) spring wheat cultivars. Sequestering of deoxynivalenol (DON) does not appear to differentiate the resistant from the susceptible response. Instead, our findings suggest that true resistance to FHB requires the plant to downregulate or limit two pathways that are normally associated with disease resistance responses: programmed cell death (PCD) and the generation/accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using a stringent RNA‐Seq analysis targeting the transition period of the pathogen from its biotrophic phase to its necrotrophic phase, we show that susceptibility to FHB relies on the pathogen's ability to highjack the PCD response, consistent with other necrotrophs. In contrast, the resistance response to FHB relies on the plant's ability to suppress its PCD response and limit the ROS accumulation/production that is necessary for production of DON by the pathogen.

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“…Tri5 is the first gene in DON biosynthesis. Tri6 and Tri10 are unigenes that regulate the synthesis of DON [42]. Fusarium's self-protection mechanism pumps the toxin out of the cell through Tri12 and reduces the toxicity of intermediates in the biosynthesis of trichothecenes through Tri101 [42].…”

Section: The Effect Of Thymol On Don Production By F Graminearummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tri6 and Tri10 are unigenes that regulate the synthesis of DON [42]. Fusarium's self-protection mechanism pumps the toxin out of the cell through Tri12 and reduces the toxicity of intermediates in the biosynthesis of trichothecenes through Tri101 [42]. Thymol can reduce the expression of Tri5 [43] and inhibit the function of the toxin efflux pump, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the fungus to tetracycline and benzalkonium chloride [44].…”

Section: The Effect Of Thymol On Don Production By F Graminearummentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomics Reveals the Effect of Thymol on the Growth and Toxin Production of Fusarium graminearum

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Fusarium graminearum is a harmful pathogen causing head blight in cereals such as wheat and barley, and thymol has been proven to inhibit the growth of many pathogens. This study aims to explore the fungistatic effect of thymol on F. graminearum and its mechanism. Different concentrations of thymol were used to treat F. graminearum. The results showed that the EC50 concentration of thymol against F. graminearum was 40 μg/mL. Compared with the control group, 40 μg/mL of thymol reduced the production of Deoxynivalenol (DON) and 3-Ac-DON by 70.1% and 78.2%, respectively. Our results indicate that thymol can effectively inhibit the growth and toxin production of F. graminearum and cause an extensive transcriptome response. Transcriptome identified 16,727 non-redundant unigenes and 1653 unigenes that COG did not annotate. The correlation coefficients between samples were all >0.941. When FC was 2.0 times, a total of 3230 differential unigenes were identified, of which 1223 were up-regulated, and 2007 were down-regulated. Through the transcriptome, we confirmed that the expression of many genes involved in F. graminearum growth and synthesis of DON and other secondary metabolites were also changed. The gluconeogenesis/glycolysis pathway may be a potential and important way for thymol to affect the growth of F. graminearum hyphae and the production of DON simultaneously.

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Detoxification and Excretion of Trichothecenes in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana Expressing Fusarium graminearum Trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: Recent advances in decontamination strategies

Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: Recent advances in decontamination strategies

Underlying mechanisms of FHB susceptibility and resistance in wheat: Insights from a transcriptome‐based analysis

Transcriptomics Reveals the Effect of Thymol on the Growth and Toxin Production of Fusarium graminearum

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