Deuterium magnetic resonance of triacylglycerols in phospholipid bilayers

Gorrissen, Heiner; Tulloch, A. P.; Cushley, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/0009-3084(82)90060-3

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the amount of esterified cholesterol remained comparable, the fatty-acyl-chain composition varied considerably, with the EOT and Col R-22 plasma-membrane cholesteryl esters containing significantly higher proportions of most of the saturated fatty acids, particularly 16: 0. This observation is significant in light of the findings of Gorrissen et al (1982), who reported a much lower incorporation into phospholipid bilayers of saturated cholesteryl esters such as 16:0 and 14:O (myristic acid) than, for example, the unsaturated cholesteryl ester 18:3(9,12,15) [(9,12,15)-linolenic acid].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Esterified cholesterol and triglyceride are present in plasma membranes of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Mackinnon

May

Mountford

1992

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The chemical composition of highly purified plasma membrane preparations from a series of malignant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were undertaken to ascertain if neutral lipid, including cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol, were present. Triacylglycerols (33 -41 nmol/mg total lipid) and cholesteryl ester (226 -271 nmol/mg) were measured in the plasma membranes and differences in the chemical composition of these membranes recorded. The most significant difference was a gradual decrease in the level of free cholesterol from wild type (312 f 7 nmol/mg total plasma membrane lipid), Pod RII-6 (268 f 64 nmol/mg total plasma membrane lipid), Col R-22 (243 f 39 nmol/mg total plasma membrane lipid) to EOT (204 20 nmol/mg total plasma membrane lipid), with a concomitant increase in the degree of saturation of the cholesteryl ester fatty acids, particularly palmitic acid. No statistically significant differences were apparent in the chemical composition of the whole cells in this series.The one-dimensional (1D) 'H-NMR spectra of the four malignant cell lines showed a gradation in intensity of lipid resonances, in the order of wild type, Pod RII-6, Col R-22 and EOT, with EOT having the strongest lipid spectrum. Interestingly, the increase in acyl-chain signal intensities in the 'H-NMR spectra of this series of CHO cells and emergence of signals from cholesterol and/or cholesteryl ester, coincide with alterations in the amount of free choelsterol and the degree of saturation of the fatty-acyl chain of the esterified cholesterol in the plasma membranes.It is our hypothesis that, together, cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol form domains in the plasma membrane and that when the cholesteryl ester has a largely saturated fatty acid content, the lipids are in isotropic liquid phase and hence visible by NMR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Esterified cholesterol and triglyceride are present in plasma membranes of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Mackinnon

May

Mountford

1992

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…Gorrissen et al [6] reported that the incorporation of tripalmitoylglycerol into egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers at 25°C was less than 0.1 mol%, while trioleoylglycerol was soluble to 2.5 mol%. Thus, decreased lipoprotein lipase activity with the saturated triacylglycerol may be due to a nonhomogeneous distribution of substrate at the water-lipid interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of monolayer lipid structure and composition on the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triacylglycerol

Demel

Dings

Jackson

1984

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metaboli

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The effect of lipid composition and structure on the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triacylglycerols was determined in a monolayer system consisting of purified bovine milk lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid-free albumin. In a monolayer of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine containing l-6 mol% of either tri[ "C]oleoylglycerol or tri[ "C]palmitoylglycerol, lipoprotein lipase catalyzed the hydrolysis of the unsaturated triacylglycerol at a higher rate than the saturated lipid and in either the presence or absence of apolipoprotein C-II, the activator protein for the enzyme. For example, with 3 mol% triacylglycerol and in the presence of apolipoprotein C-II, the rate of the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of tri['4C]oleoylglycerol was 27 pmol oleic acid produced/h per mg enzyme vs. 12 prnol for tri[14C]palmitoylglycerol. The effect of phospholipid fatty acyl chain length and unsaturation/saturation, polar head group and surface density on the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of tri[ 14C]oleoylglycerol was determined. The rate of enzyme hydrolysis of triacylglycerol was similar whether the phospholipid was a diester or diether lipid or the polar head group was ethanolamine or choline. In general, phospholipids with shorter and unsaturated fatty acyl chains gave higher rates of lipoprotein lipase hydrolysis of triacylglycerol than the corresponding longer and saturated lipids. However, with all phospholipids tested, the rate of enzyme hydrolysis decreased with increasing surface density. Lipoprotein lipase showed no activity toward triacylglycerol in a monolayer of sphingomyelin; addition of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine to the monolayer enhanced the rate of enzyme catalysis. Cholesterol (50 mol%) in a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine monolayer increased the rate of the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of tri[ "C]oleoylglycerol, whereas cholesterol decreased the rate in a dioleoylphosphatidylcholine monolayer. The effect of phospholipid structure and surface density on lipoprotein lipase activity could not be accounted for by the amount of apolipoprotein C-II which was present at the interface. Based on these findings and other reports in the literature, we suggest that the catalytic activity of lipoprotein lipase toward tri['4C]oleylglyceroI in various monolayers is dependent on the conformation or appropriate physical state of the triacylglycerol substrate at the lipid interface.

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“…Therefore, there should be little discrimination between the different TG species incorporated into a lamellar phase of a biological membrane. It was proposed that TO incorporated into PC bilayers had the carbonyl groups oriented toward the aqueous interface, with the 1-and 3-carbonyls slightly closer to the aqueous interface than the 2-carbonyl (11,14). Extrapolating this possible model to our PE systems, TO would be integrated in the membrane with the polar headgroup and the acyl chains oriented parallel to the PE molecules.…”

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that TG cleavage at the brush border membrane is a prerequisite for efficient FA absorption (9). On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that TGs can partition with a preferred orientation in phosphocholine (PC) lipids, although they are neutral lipids (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). These data suggest the possibility that TGs could also be present in small proportions inserted in PL bilayers of biological membranes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data suggest the possibility that TGs could also be present in small proportions inserted in PL bilayers of biological membranes. In fact, it has been suggested that TGs, as interfacial molecules, could be important in the interaction between the membrane and some lipolytic enzymes and carrier proteins (12,14). In this case, the intracellular pool of TGs could participate in several cellular events, such as the formation of TG-rich lipoproteins and (transient) functional bilayer structures rich in TG and FA storage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of unsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols on phosphatidylethanolamine membrane structure

Prades

Funari

Escribá

et al. 2003

Journal of Lipid Research

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Lipid intake in diet regulates the membrane lipid composition, which in turn controls activities of membrane proteins. There is evidence that fatty acids (FAs) and triacylglycerols (TGs) can alter the phospholipid (PL) mesomorphism. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. This study focuses on the effect of the unsaturation degree of the C-18 FAs, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid and linolenic acid, and their TGs, triolein (TO), trilinolein, and trilinolenin, on the structural properties of phosphoethanolamine PLs. By means of X-ray diffraction and 31 P-NMR spectroscopy, it is shown that both types of molecules stabilize the H II phase in 1,2-dielaidoyl -sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DEPE) liposomes. Several structural factors are considered to explain the correlation between the FA unsaturation degree and the onset temperature of the H II phase. It is proposed that TGs could act as lateral spacers between polar DEPE groups, providing an increase in the effective surface area per lipid molecule that would account for the structural parameters of the H II phase. Fluorescence polarization data indicated a fluidification effect of OA on the lamellar phase. TO increased the viscosity of the hydrophobic core with a high effect on the H II phase. -Prades, J., S. S. Funari, P. V. Escribá, and F. Barceló. Effects of unsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols on phosphatidylethanolamine membrane structure.

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Deuterium magnetic resonance of triacylglycerols in phospholipid bilayers

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Esterified cholesterol and triglyceride are present in plasma membranes of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Esterified cholesterol and triglyceride are present in plasma membranes of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Effect of monolayer lipid structure and composition on the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triacylglycerol

Effects of unsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols on phosphatidylethanolamine membrane structure

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