Deuterium MR<i>in Vivo</i>Imaging of the Rat Eye Using 2H<sub>2</sub>O

Obata, Takayuki; Ikehira, Hiroo; Shishido, Fumio; Fukuda, Nobuo; Ueshima, Yasuhiro; Koga, Masahisa; Kato, Hideki; Kimura, Fukuko; Tateno, Yukio

doi:10.1177/028418519503600446

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Oxygen-15-labeled water used in positron emission tomography may be used to evaluate animal eyes, but it is not suitable for human eyes because of its short half-life (about 2 min). D 2 O saline solution has been administered to some animals in vivo and the dynamics of the aqueous humor evaluated (3, 4). However, it is unethical to apply D 2 O in humans because of its toxicity (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Tomiyasu

Sahara

Mitsui

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Visualization of aqueous humor flow in the human eye is difficult because gadolinium, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, does not readily cross the blood-retinal and blood-aqueous barriers of capillaries that supply water to the eye. The proton (1H) of oxygen-17 water (H217O) has a very short transverse relaxation time (T2), and the T2-weighted (T2W) 1H-MRI signal intensity of a region with H217O is lower than that with only H216O. Purpose: To observe the distribution of H217O in the human eye, and the flow into and out of the anterior chamber of H217O, using dynamic T2W 1H-MRI. Materials and Methods: Seven healthy volunteers (20-37 years old) participated in this study. During dynamic imaging, the subject self-administered 10 mol% H217O saline (0.92-1.37 mL) to their right eye for 1 min. Time-series images were created by subtracting the image before the eye drops from each of the images obtained after the eye drops. The "normalized signal intensity of the right anterior chamber" (rAC) in each image was obtained by dividing the signal intensity of the right anterior chamber region-of-interest by that of the left. Changes in transverse relaxation rate and H217O concentration (PO17) were calculated from the rAC. The inflow and outflow constants of H217O in the right anterior chamber were also determined. Results: Decreased signal intensity after the H217O eye drops was observed in the anterior and posterior chambers, but not in the vitreous body. The rAC signal intensity decreased after the eye drops, and then recovered to close to rAC(0) at 40 min. The inflow and outflow constants were 0.53 ± 0.19 and 0.055 ± 0.019 min-1, respectively, and the peak value of PO17 was 0.19 ± 0.04% (mean ± SD). Conclusion: H217O saline eye drops distributed in the human anterior and posterior chambers. Further, the eye drops smoothly flowed into, and slowly out of, the anterior chamber.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Tomiyasu

Sahara

Mitsui

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Deuterium oxide (D 2 O) saline solution was administered to animals in vivo to evaluate the dynamics of the aqueous humor. 7,8 However, it is unethical to apply D 2 O to humans because of its toxicity. 9 The protons in oxygen-17 water (H 2 17 O) have six Lamour frequencies related to scalar coupling with 17 O, which has a spin quantum number of 5/2, and the T 2 of the H 2 17 O proton is very short.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular Water Movement Visualization Using ¹H‐MRI With Eye Drops of O‐17‐Labeled Saline: First‐in‐Human Study

Tomiyasu

Sahara

Mitsui

et al. 2022

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Background: Visualization of aqueous humor flow in MR contrast images using gadolinium is challenging because of the delayed contrast effects associated with the blood-retinal and blood-aqueous humor barriers. However, oxygen-17 water (H 2 17 O) might be used as an ocular contrast agent. Purpose: To observe the distribution of H 2 17 O in the human eye, and its flow in and out of the anterior chamber, using dynamic T2-weighted MRI. Study Type: Prospective. Population: Six ophthalmologically normal volunteers (20-37 years, six females). Field Strength/Sequence: A 3 T/dynamic T2-weighted MRI. Assessment: H 2 17 O eye drops were administered to the right eye. Time-series images were created by subtracting the image before the eye drops from each of the images obtained after the eye drops. The normalized signal intensity of the right anterior chamber (nAC) was obtained by dividing the signal intensity of the right anterior chamber region by that of the left. The inflow and outflow constants of H 2 17 O and H 2 17 O concentration were calculated from the nAC. Statistical Tests: A paired t-test was used to compare the flow-related values and temporal changes in signal intensity. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Significantly decreased signal intensity was observed in the right anterior chamber but not the right vitreous body (P = 0.39). The nAC signal intensity decreased significantly and then recovered. The inflow and outflow constants were 0.36-0.94 min À1 and 0.023-0.13 min À1 , respectively. The maximum H 2 17 O concentration was 0.078%-0.24%. Data Conclusion: H 2 17 O were distributed in the anterior chamber. The H 2 17 O inflow into the anterior chamber was significantly faster than that of the outflow. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2

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Dynamic MRI of transcorneal dispersion of oxygen into the anterior chamber of human eye

Obata

Saito

Iwasawa

et al. 1998

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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To measure the transcorneal dispersion of oxygen into the anterior chamber, dynamic T1-weighted fast-spin-echo MRI (TR=2 seconds, TE=15 msec, 5-mm slice) of the human eye was performed both before and during oxygen supply to a full goggle placed on the face. During the course of the imaging, a significant increase in the signals in the anterior chamber occurred. This indicated that transcorneal dispersion of oxygen into the anterior chamber can be evaluated by this procedure, suggesting that this method may be useful for diagnosing dysfunction of the cornea or aqueous flow.

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Deuterium MRin VivoImaging of the Rat Eye Using 2H₂O

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular Water Movement Visualization Using ¹H‐MRI With Eye Drops of O‐17‐Labeled Saline: First‐in‐Human Study

Dynamic MRI of transcorneal dispersion of oxygen into the anterior chamber of human eye

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Deuterium MRin VivoImaging of the Rat Eye Using 2H2O

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Intraocular water movement visualization using 1H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular water movement visualization using 1H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular Water Movement Visualization Using 1H‐MRI With Eye Drops of O‐17‐Labeled Saline: First‐in‐Human Study

Dynamic MRI of transcorneal dispersion of oxygen into the anterior chamber of human eye

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Deuterium MRin VivoImaging of the Rat Eye Using 2H₂O

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular water movement visualization using ¹H-MRI with eye drops of O-17 labeled saline: a first-in-human study

Intraocular Water Movement Visualization Using ¹H‐MRI With Eye Drops of O‐17‐Labeled Saline: First‐in‐Human Study