Deuterium NMR study of lipid organisation in Acholeplasma laidlawii membranes

Stockton, Gerald W.; Johnson, Kenneth G.; Butler, Keith W.; Tulloch, A. P.; Boulanger, Yvan; Smith, Ian C. P.; Davis, James H.; Bloom, Myer

doi:10.1038/269267a0

Cited by 156 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[19] Upon equating Eqs. 15 (29), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (3, lower abscissa scale) (30), and A. laidlawaii (0, lower abscissa scale) (31). The order parameter, S, is that of the chain backbone, and is equivalent to "Sm01" in the references cited.…”

Section: Results Of Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interphases of chain molecules: Monolayers and lipid bilayer membranes

Dill

Flory

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

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Using the lattice model for a liquid, we treat the packing of short-chain molecules in interhases such as bilayer membranes. The constant density in tie interphase imposes intermolecular constraints on the configurations of the flexible chains. The statistical theory here presented predicts a diffuse distribution of chain ends near the bilayer midplane; no adjustable parameters are required. Inasmuch as some of the chains terminate relatively near the polar interface, the number of chains reaching deeper planar layers is diminished. Consequently, configurational freedom increases with depth. This is the source of the well-known disorder gradient. The hydrocarbon chains in amphiphilic mesophases, such as lipid monolayers and bilayers, are highly ordered near the interfacial plane of the polar head groups. The conformations of bonds of the hydrocarbon skeleton near this interface are overwhelmingly trans in the high-temperature La phase of these systems, and the chain axes are approximately in parallel array. The order decreases with distance from the interface.The hydrophobic layer occupied by the hydrocarbon chains resembles the interphase region between lamellar crystallites and the adjoining amorphous regions in semicrystalline polymers (1), a resemblance first pointed out by deGennes (2). From the crystallite, the chains emanate with their axes normal to the lamellar surface. At this interfacial surface of the interphase the chains retain much of the order of the crystal. This order is dissipated in the interphase, as is required to conform to the disorder, virtually complete, characterizing the amorphous phase of the polymer (1).Two explanations have been offered for the gradient of disorder in lipid bilayer membranes. According to one of these, the chains near the polar heads are cooperatively tilted with respect to the bilayer normal. This inclination of the chains near the heads provides for increased volume near the midplane of the bilayer and, thus, increased disorder (3-5). Arrangement of the chains in tilted array implies correlations that are of long range; hence a close resemblance to the crystalline state should be expected. The following observations are at variance with this inference: x-ray diffraction data (6-9), the temperature coefficient of the bilayer thickness (8-10), the heat of fusion for the formation of the La phase (11), Raman spectra (12), and dilatometric measurements of the specific volume (13). Thus, intermolecular disorder resembling that in liquid paraffins is strongly indicated. Furthermore, in NMR "magic angle" experiments (14), the average chain direction is found to be coincident with the bilayer normal. In apparent contradiction, however, electron paramagnetic resonance experiments reveal a nonzero angle of tilt. This observation is presumed to arise either from perturbation of the bilayer by the electron spin probe (14,15) or from response of the electron paramagnetic resonance signal to transitory fluctuations (5).The publication costs of this article were defray...

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Section: Results Of Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interphases of chain molecules: Monolayers and lipid bilayer membranes

Dill

Flory

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

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“…In view of the considerable effort required for the synthesis of selectively deuterated phospholipids it is not surprising that the number (Stockton et al 1977). Reproduced with permission from Seelig & Browning (1978).…”

Section: (2) Order Profiles Of Model Membranes and Biological Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a first example we have included in Fig. 8 the order profile of Acholeplasma laidlawii grown on perdeuterated palmitic acid (Stockton et al 1977). This natural membrane has no well-defined transition temperature, instead it shows a rather broad transition around 25 °C.…”

Section: (2) Order Profiles Of Model Membranes and Biological Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid conformation in model membranes and biological membranes

Seelig

1980

Quart. Rev. Biophys.

799

443

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Protein molecules in solution or in protein crystals are characterized by rather well-defined structures in which α-helical regions, β-pleated sheets, etc., are the key features. Likewise, the double helix of nucleic acids has almost become the trademark of molecular biology as such. By contrast, the structural analysis of lipids has progressed at a relatively slow pace. The early X-ray diffraction studies by V. Luzzati and others firmly established the fact that the lipids in biological membranes are predominantly organized in bilayer structures (Luzzati, 1968). V. Luzzati was also the first to emphasize the liquid-like conformation of the hydrocarbon chains, similar to that of a liquid paraffin, yet with the average orientation of the chains perpendicular to the lipid–water interface. This liquid–crystalline bilayer is generally observed in lipid–water systems at sufficiently high temperature and water content, as well as in intact biological membranes under physiological conditions (Luzzati & Husson, 1962; Luzzati, 1968; Tardieu, Luzzati & Reman, 1973; Engelman, 1971; Shipley, 1973). In combination with thermodynamic and other spectroscopic observations these investigations culminated in the formulation of the fluid mosaic model of biological membranes (cf. Singer, 1971). However, within the limits of this model the exact nature of lipid conformation and dynamics was immaterial, the lipids were simply pictured as circles with two squiggly lines representing the polar head group and the fatty acyl chains, respectively. No attempt was made to incorporate the well-established chemical structure into this picture. Similarly, membrane proteins were visualized as smooth rotational ellipsoids disregarding the possibility that protruding amino acid side-chains and irregularities of the backbone folding may create a rather rugged protein surface.

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“…This can supply infornlation about the specific section of the membrane with minimal perturbation. Such systems have been investigated by multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) but relatively few studies are available in vibrational spectroscopy (1 4-20). Isotopic labelling, particularly the replacement of 'H by 'H, offers a powerful tool in the study of membranes by vibrational (Raman and infrared) spectroscopy as the mass change causes drastic shifts in the vibrational frequencies with very little change in the chemical nature of the system.…”

Section: Introduction ~E T L R O Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared and laser Raman studies of deuterated model membranes: Phase transition in 1,2-perdeuterodipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Sunder¹,

Cameron²,

Mantsch³

et al. 1978

Can. J. Chem.

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Raman and infrared spectra of multilayer dispersions of 1,2-perdeuterodipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in water are studied as a function of temperature for the CD stretching region. It is found that the bands associated with these vibrations can be used as a sensitive probe to monitor the gel – liquid crystal phase transition which occurs at a lower temperature in the perdeuterated phospholipid than in the corresponding natural (light) lipid.

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Deuterium NMR study of lipid organisation in Acholeplasma laidlawii membranes

Cited by 156 publications

References 10 publications

Interphases of chain molecules: Monolayers and lipid bilayer membranes

Interphases of chain molecules: Monolayers and lipid bilayer membranes

Lipid conformation in model membranes and biological membranes

Infrared and laser Raman studies of deuterated model membranes: Phase transition in 1,2-perdeuterodipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

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