“…The content analysis of online interactions and social networks have been used to measure CoI in online courses, while survey instruments have been the main methods used to assess student perceptions of teaching, social, and cognitive presence in online courses Rourke et al, 2001;Shea et al, 2003;Arbaugh & Benbunan-Fich, 2006;Arbaugh & Hwang, 2006;Arbaugh et al, 2008;Shea, Hayes, Vickers, Gozza-Cohen et al, 2010). The surveys found in the literature were developed for online courses and were not representative of teaching and learning in an online program.…”