Developing a Disaster Chain Method to Evaluate Transportation Systems: A Pilot Study of Predicting Debris Blockages in Disaster-Response Road Systems

Ke, Siao-Syun; Hsu, Chih-Hao

doi:10.1177/03611981221102152

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The chain theory of catastrophe is a new subject system with a chain effect, which is abstracted from the generality of disasters. The theory posits that material, energy, and information constitute the carriers of disaster, and the model and mechanism of disaster reduction in each stage are studied by analyzing the chain evolution law of the carrier [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Overview Of the Chain Theory Of Catastrophementioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Niu

Hou

Sun

2023

Water

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The occurrence of downhole debris flows in caving mines has burst, concealment, and destruction characteristics. This study aimed to investigate accurate prevention and control measures for downhole debris flows. The research background was a downhole debris flow in the Plan copper mine. The disaster chain theory was applied to study prevention and control methods for downhole debris flows. Using a model of source generation, chain breaking, and disaster reduction, we proposed accurate prevention and control measures for downhole debris flow disasters, which prevent and control the downhole debris flows at the source. The results showed that the disaster chain type of downhole debris flow disasters is the compound periodic cycle chain, which has the characteristics of the branch basin chain and the periodic cycle chain. Based on the chain-effect nature of disasters caused by downhole debris flows, active and passive prevention and control methods for downhole debris flow disasters were proposed. The active prevention and control measures for chain breaking and disaster reduction involve isolating the generation conditions from the source, inducing a downhole debris flow disaster. This prevention and control method is difficult to implement during the actual production process. The idea of disaster reduction through passive defensive chain breaking is based on the fact that if the three essential types of conditions for the downhole debris flow formation are not present at the same time, then a disaster accident of a downhole debris flow can be effectively prevented and controlled. Accordingly, the following measures are proposed for preventing and controlling downhole debris flows: (1) reinforcement measures applied to the slope body of the landslide material source in the collapse pit; (2) adopting comprehensive flood control measures such as locking, intercepting, dispersing, draining, and blocking under hydraulic conditions; (3) blocking the formation of the channel by adjusting the ore drawing conditions; (4) addressing the inducing factors by blasting with a small amount of explosive. According to the disaster chain theory, prevention, and control methods for downhole debris flow in caving mines were investigated in this study, which not only broadens the research of the debris flows but also fills the gap in the systematic research on downhole debris flows.

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Section: Overview Of the Chain Theory Of Catastrophementioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Niu

Hou

Sun

2023

Water

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Hospital-system functionality quantification based on supply–demand relationship under earthquake

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nat Hazards

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The post-earthquake functionality of hospital systems seriously affects the recovery time of a city, and it is important to quantify the hospital system functionality. This paper presents a method that takes into consideration the post-earthquake medical supply-demand relationship in order to quantify the initial functionality and instantaneous functionality loss of a hospital system under the conditions of an earthquake, which is different from the current quantitative method that takes into consideration only the internal factors of the hospital system. In this method, a geographic information system and an earthquake damage prediction model are first used to obtain the medical supply capacity before and after the earthquake and the medical demand after the earthquake. Based on the results of the post-earthquake medical demand and the distribution of the medical supply capacity, the substitution capacity of medical resources is then calculated. Finally, the substitution capacity of medical resources is used to evaluate the functionality of the hospital system before and after the earthquake. A hospital system of a city in eastern China is considered as an illustrative example, and the impact of changes in the medical supply and demand at different times of the day on the hospital system functionality are analyzed. The results obtained show that the changes in medical supply and demand not only affect the hospital system functionality, but also cause changes in the instantaneous functionality loss of the hospital system after the earthquake. The proposed method can be used to quantify the hospital system functionality and reflect the balance of the medical supply-demand relationship before and after the earthquake, and it can help decision makers in developing a disaster reduction strategy to improve the disaster resilience of the hospital system.

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Design for safety in metro station evacuation: a study of fire emergency evacuation behavior and simulation

Lu¹,

Deng²,

Sun³

2023

ECAM

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PurposeMetro stations have become a crucial aspect of urban rail transportation, integrating facilities, equipment and pedestrians. Impractical physical layout designs and pedestrian psychology impact the effectiveness of an evacuation during a metro fire. Prior research on emergency evacuation has overlooked the complexity of metro stations and failed to adequately consider the physical heterogeneity of stations and pedestrian psychology. Therefore, this study aims to develop a comprehensive evacuation optimization strategy for metro stations by applying the concept of design for safety (DFS) to an emergency evacuation. This approach offers novel insights into the management of complex systems in metro stations during emergencies.Design/methodology/approachPhysical and social factors affecting evacuations are identified. Moreover, the social force model (SFM) is modified by combining the fire dynamics model (FDM) and considering pedestrians' impatience and panic psychology. Based on the Nanjing South Metro Station, a multiagent-based simulation (MABS) model is developed. Finally, based on DFS, optimization strategies for metro stations are suggested.FindingsThe most effective evacuation occurs when the width of the stairs is 3 meters and the transfer corridor is 14 meters. Additionally, a luggage disposal area should be set up. The exit strategy of the fewest evacuees is better than the nearest-exit strategy, and the staff in the metro station should guide pedestrians correctly.Originality/valuePrevious studies rarely consider metro stations as sociotechnical systems or apply DFS to proactively reduce evacuation risks. This study provides a new perspective on the evacuation framework of metro stations, which can guide the designers and managers of metro stations.

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Developing a Disaster Chain Method to Evaluate Transportation Systems: A Pilot Study of Predicting Debris Blockages in Disaster-Response Road Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Study on the Prevention and Control of Downhole Debris Flows Based on Disaster Chain Theory

Hospital-system functionality quantification based on supply–demand relationship under earthquake

Design for safety in metro station evacuation: a study of fire emergency evacuation behavior and simulation

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