Developing a methodology for identifying brown rot resistance in stone fruit

Baró‐Montel, Núria; Torres, Rosário; Casals, C.; Segarra, J.; Usall, J.

doi:10.1007/s10658-018-01655-1

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For the evaluation of quality parameters, a sample of 20 fruit was randomly selected and assessed for index of DA‐Meter (I AD ), weight, cheek diameter (CD), flesh firmness (FF), soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) (Table ), according to the methodology described by Baró‐Montel et al . ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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The secretion of cell wall‐degrading enzymes is one of the mechanisms used by necrotrophic fungi to colonize host tissues. However, information about virulence factors of Monilinia spp., the causal agents of brown rot in stone fruit, is scarce. Plant cell walls have three main components that are broken down by fungal enzymes: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. In order to identify Monilinia laxa candidate proteins involved in pectin hydrolysis, two in vitro approaches were conducted: (i) phenotypic and ecophysiological characterization of growth of the pathogen at different pHs, in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing solid media for 7 days' incubation; and (ii) expression analysis of genes encoding M. laxa pectin methyl esterases (MlPMEs) and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases (MlRG‐HYDs) after incubation for 0.5, 2, 6, 24 and 48 h in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing liquid media. Phenotypic tests showed the role of carbon source on M. laxa growth rate and aggressiveness, and indicated that pectinases were greatly affected by pH. Gene expression analyses uncovered differences among members of each family of pectinases and between the two families, defining sets of genes expressed at earlier (0.5–6 h) and later (48 h) phases. Notably, the up‐ or down‐regulation of these target genes was carbon source‐dependent. Finally, an in vivo study confirmed the synergistic and complementary role that these genes play in the M. laxa–stone fruit pathosystem. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that MlPME2, MlRG‐HYD1 and MlRG‐HYD2 may be potential virulence factors of M. laxa in the process from infection to colonization.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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“…Injured or deformed fruit was discarded, and fruit for analysis was further homogenized by using a portable DA-Meter (TR-Turoni, Forli, Italy), based on the single index of absorbance difference ( I AD = 1.99–2.26 for immature fruit and I AD = 0.25–1.60 for mature fruit). Other assessments of quality parameters were performed on 20 randomly selected fruit (weight, cheek diameter, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity), according to the method of Baró-Montel et al 44 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depicting the battle between nectarine and Monilinia laxa: the fruit developmental stage dictates the effectiveness of the host defenses and the pathogen’s infection strategies

et al. 2020

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Infections by the fungus Monilinia laxa, the main cause of brown rot in Europe, result in considerable losses of stone fruit. Herein, we present a comprehensive transcriptomic approach to unravel strategies deployed by nectarine fruit and M. laxa during their interaction. We used M. laxa-inoculated immature and mature fruit, which was resistant and susceptible to brown rot, respectively, to perform a dual RNA-Seq analysis. In immature fruit, host responses, pathogen biomass, and pathogen transcriptional activity peaked at 14–24 h post inoculation (hpi), at which point M. laxa appeared to switch its transcriptional response to either quiescence or death. Mature fruit experienced an exponential increase in host and pathogen activity beginning at 6 hpi. Functional analyses in both host and pathogen highlighted differences in stage-dependent strategies. For example, in immature fruit, M. laxa unsuccessfully employed carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) for penetration, which the fruit was able to combat with tightly regulated hormone responses and an oxidative burst that challenged the pathogen’s survival at later time points. In contrast, in mature fruit, M. laxa was more dependent on proteolytic effectors than CAZymes, and was able to invest in filamentous growth early during the interaction. Hormone analyses of mature fruit infected with M. laxa indicated that, while jasmonic acid activity was likely useful for defense, high ethylene activity may have promoted susceptibility through the induction of ripening processes. Lastly, we identified M. laxa genes that were highly induced in both quiescent and active infections and may serve as targets for control of brown rot.

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“…To qualitatively characterise the fruit at maturity stage and to explore correlations between pathology and quality data, 10 fruits per each genotype were assessed for value of I AD , fruit diameter (FD), flesh firmness (FF), SSC, and titratable acidity (TA) following methodology described elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To check the level of susceptibility to M. fructicola, 40 fruits per genotype were divided into two batches according to the method of inoculation applied, wounded (W) or non-wounded (UW), and were infected following the methodology developed by Baró-Montel et al 26 Fruit were kept in a chamber for 7 days at 20 ∘ C and 85% relative humidity (RH). After 5 days of storage, the number of brown rot-infected fruits was recorded and the lesion diameter was measured at each inoculation point.…”

Section: Screening For Brown Rot Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring sources of resistance to brown rot in an interspecific almond × peach population

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND Monilinia spp. are responsible for brown rot, one of the most significant stone fruit diseases. Planting resistant cultivars seems a promising alternative, although most commercial cultivars are susceptible to brown rot. The aim of this study was to explore resistance to Monilinia fructicola over two seasons in a backcross one interspecific population between almond ‘Texas’ and peach ‘Earlygold’ (named T1E). RESULTS ‘Texas’ almond was resistant to brown rot inoculation, whereas peach was highly susceptible. Phenotypic data from the T1E population indicated wide differences in response to M. fructicola. Additionally, several non‐wounded individuals exhibited resistance to brown rot. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified in several linkage groups, but only two proximal QTLs in G4 were detected over both seasons and accounted for 11.3–16.2% of the phenotypic variation. CONCLUSION Analysis of the progeny allowed the identification of resistant genotypes that could serve as a source of resistance in peach breeding programs. The finding of loci associated with brown rot resistance would shed light on implementing a strategy based on marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for introgression of this trait into elite peach materials. New peach cultivars resistant to brown rot may contribute to the implementation of more sustainable crop protection strategies. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Developing a methodology for identifying brown rot resistance in stone fruit

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Depicting the battle between nectarine and Monilinia laxa: the fruit developmental stage dictates the effectiveness of the host defenses and the pathogen’s infection strategies

Exploring sources of resistance to brown rot in an interspecific almond × peach population

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