Developing a New Tool for Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors of Urban Workers’ Productivity

Abstract

Nutrition and health play vital roles in work productivity. This study aimed to develop a risk self-assessment tool called Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors on the productivity of urban workers. This study was conducted in two stages: 1) the development of the tool to determine the nutritional and health risk factors that affect productivity based on literature reviews and scoring systems and 2) the testing of validity and reliability. Finally, the tool contained 63 items, including 28 items on nutritional risk factors and 35 on health risk factors. The validity of the tool was assessed using the content validity index (CVI): item-level CVI (I-CVI) and scale-level CVI (S-CVI), and face validity index (FVI) and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Preliminary versions of this tool showed a high content validity (I-CVI = 1.00; S-CVI based on the average method = 1). The face validity index among urban workers was at least 0.90, and the overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.70. The tool developed is acceptable, but revisions are still needed, and sample sizes must be increased.

Sensitivity and Specificity of a New Tool for Early Detection of Risk Factors for Non Communicable Diseases in Urban Workers

“…This study aims to evaluate the Deteksi Dini Faktor Risiko Gizi dan Kesehatan (DDR-GizKes) instrument which has been developed and tested for content and face validity and reliability in previous research with good and acceptable results (Nai et al, 2023). In previous research, the DDR-GizKes instrument was developed based on theoretical insights regarding nutritional and health risk factors related to NCDs that can affect the productivity of urban workers.…”

“…In previous research, the DDR-GizKes instrument was developed based on theoretical insights regarding nutritional and health risk factors related to NCDs that can affect the productivity of urban workers. In this study, a scoring system was developed for each indicator of nutrition and health risk factors for early detection of NCDs in urban workers (Nai et al, 2023).…”

“…Previous research has developed a risk self-assessment tool called Deteksi Dini Faktor Risiko Gizi dan Kesehatan (DDR-GizKes). The DDR-GizKes is an instrument in the form of a questionnaire designed for early detection of nutritional and health risk factors related to NCDs that affect the productivity of urban workers (Nai et al, 2023) . A screening test is an essential part of this newly developed tool .…”

“…The DDR-GizKes instrument has been assessed for content validity by a panel of occupational nutrition experts and face validity by twenty employees with acceptable reliability. These validation did not include measuring sensitivity and specificity (Nai et al, 2023) . However, these validations did not include the evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the DDR-GizKes instrument in comparison with the gold standard, which is crucial before applying this instrument to urban workers.…”

“…Therefore, detecting hypertension is critical to prevent the emergence of other NCDs . The novelty of this study is the assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of the DDR-GizKes instrument, which has not been previously evaluated (Nai et al, 2023) . Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the DDR-GizKes instrument for detecting NCDs in urban workers.…”