Developing a Study Protocol for Analyzing Policies to Promote Physical Activity Among Urban Middle-Aged People: A Case of a Metropolitan City in Iran

Fathi, Behrouz; Nadrian, Haidar; Hashemiparast, Mina; Khanijahani, Ahmad; Khodayari‐Zarnaq, Rahim

doi:10.5812/jhealthscope.115745

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Others analysed policies on nanotechnology ( Kuzma and Priest, 2010 ), energy ( Collins et al , 2017 Grösser, 2013 ), economic governance ( Salder, 2020 ) and foreign policy ( Bing, 2017 ). The four study protocols that were retained in our review were similarly diverse, describing research on policies at the nexus of health and urban issues, such as physical activity ( Fathi et al ., 2021 ), food security ( Patay et al ., 2022 ) or sugar-sweetened beverage taxes ( Thow et al ., 2021 ). One of the four study protocols was outside the health domain—examining electric vehicle charging station policies ( Grisham, 2023 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the World Bank designations for fiscal year 2024 ( World Bank, 2023 ) and excluding the three articles that published a global level analysis, high-income economies were mentioned 15 times, upper-middle-income ones 8 times, lower-middle-income ones 12 times and low-income ones 5 times. The study protocols were all published since 2021, signalling that more PPA studies might be undertaken in the future ( Fathi et al ., 2021 ; Thow et al ., 2021 ; Patay et al ., 2022 ; Grisham, 2023 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospective policy analysis—a critical interpretive synthesis review

Paina,

Young,

Oladapo

et al. 2024

Health Policy and Planning

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Most policy analysis methods and approaches are applied retrospectively. As a result, there have been calls for more documentation of the political-economy factors central to health care reforms in real-time. We sought to highlight the methods and previous applications of prospective policy analysis (PPA) in the literature to document purposeful use of PPA and reflect on opportunities and drawbacks. We used a critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) approach as our initial scoping revealed that PPA is inconsistently defined in the literature. While we found several examples of PPA, all were researcher-led, most were published recently and few described mechanisms for engagement in the policy process. In addition, methods used were often summarily described and reported on relatively short prospective time horizons. Most of the studies stemmed from high-income countries and, across our sample, did not always clearly outline the rationale for a PPA and how this analysis was conceptualized. That only about one-fifth of the articles explicitly defined PPA underscores the fact that researchers and practitioners conducting PPA should better document their intent and reflect on key elements essential for PPA. Despite a wide recognition that policy processes are dynamic and ideally require multifaceted and longitudinal examination, the PPA approach is not currently frequently documented in the literature. However, the few articles reported in this paper might overestimate gaps in PPA applications. More likely, researchers are embedded in policy processes prospectively but do not necessarily write their articles from that perspective, and analyses led by non-academics might not make their way into the published literature. Future research should feature examples of testing and refining the proposed framework, as well as designing and reporting on PPA. Even when policy-maker engagement might not be feasible, real-time policy monitoring might have value in and of itself.

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