Developing Activated Carbon Veil Electrode for Sensing Salivary Uric Acid

Abstract

The paper describes the development of a carbon veil-based electrode (CVE) for determining uric acid (UA) in saliva. The electrode was manufactured by lamination technology, electrochemically activated and used as a highly sensitive voltammetric sensor (CVEact). Potentiostatic polarization of the electrode at 2.0 V in H2SO4 solution resulted in a higher number of oxygen and nitrogen-containing groups on the electrode surface; lower charge transfer resistance; a 1.5 times increase in the effective surface area and a decrease in the UA oxidation potential by over 0.4 V, compared with the non-activated CVE, which was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chronoamperometry and linear sweep voltammetry. The developed sensor is characterized by a low detection limit of 0.05 µM and a wide linear range (0.09–700 µM). The results suggest that the sensor has perspective applications for quick determination of UA in artificial and human saliva. RSD does not exceed 3.9%, and recovery is 96–105%. UA makes a significant contribution to the antioxidant activity (AOA) of saliva (≈60%). In addition to its high analytical characteristics, the important advantages of the proposed CVEact are the simple, scalable, and cost-effective manufacturing technology and the absence of additional complex and time-consuming modification operations.

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“…The paper by Bukharinova MA et al describes the development of a carbon veil electrode (CVE) for the determination of UA in saliva [ 74 ]. The results support the use of the sensor for the rapid determination of UA in artificial and human saliva.…”

“…The results support the use of the sensor for the rapid determination of UA in artificial and human saliva. The RSD does not exceed 3.9%, and the recovery is 96–105% [ 74 ]. UA contributes significantly to the antioxidant activity (AOA) of saliva (≈60%).…”

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