With the improvement of the higher nursing education system, the overall quality and work ability of clinical nurses have also been significantly improved. Most nursing staff have a positive attitude towards evidence-based nursing medicine but lacking of the knowledge and skills about evidence-based nursing. Clinical nurses are still short of the ability to evaluate relevant research data, which is one of the cause of interference for the clinical nurses to use the latest research results reasonably and effectively at present. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application effect of evidence-based nursing in gastrointestinal surgical pipeline nursing and to clarify the impact of evaluation ability on nurses in clinical practice, investigate, and discuss the application effect of evidence-based nursing in gastrointestinal surgical pipeline nursing. This paper selects the clinical nurses of the three top three hospitals in a province as the research object, using the ways of general data questionnaire, the general individual performance sensitivity scale, the evidence-based nursing application behavior questionnaire, the evidence-based nursing application behavior willingness questionnaire, and the evaluation ability training needs questionnaire to collect data for 100 cases of gastrointestinal surgery clinical nurses. Analyze nurses’ awareness level of evidence-based nursing, the willingness of evidence-based nursing behavior, and the relevance of evidence-based nursing behaviors. Use multiple regression analysis methods to explore its influencing factors, and use data statistics to analyze the role and effect of evidence-based nursing in the gastrointestinal surgery pipeline. The research results show that the evaluation ability has a significant promotion effect on clinical nursing application, and it is one of the important factors for clinical nurses to use evidence-based nursing. Clinical nurses have a higher demand for evaluation ability training, and basically here, the application effect of evidence-based nursing in the gastrointestinal surgical pipeline nursing is relatively good.