Developing Autonomous Observing Systems for Micronutrient Trace Metals

Grand, Maxime M.; Laës-Huon, Agathe; Fietz, Susanne; Obata, Hajime; Luther, George W.; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Achterberg, Eric P.; Middag, Rob; Tovar-Sánchez, Antonio

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00035

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Complementing these approaches are developments in the rapidlymaturing field of miniaturized chemical sensors suitable for use in cryosphere environments (Beaton et al, 2012). Such technology will ultimately reduce much of the uncertainty associated with glacier-ocean interactions by facilitating more comprehensive, more sustainable field campaigns (Straneo et al, 2019), with reduced costs and environmental footprints (Nightingale et al, 2015;Grand et al, 2017Grand et al, , 2019. This is evidenced by a successful prolonged mooring deployment in the Santa Inés glacier-fjord system (Fig.…”

Section: A Need For New Approaches?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Hopwood¹,

Carroll²,

Dunse³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Artic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination of long-term monitoring programmes and intensive Arctic field campaigns have improved our knowledge of glacier-ocean interactions in recent years, especially with respect to fjord/ocean circulation in the marine environment, there are extensive knowledge gaps concerning how glaciers affect marine biogeochemistry and productivity. Following two cross-cutting disciplinary International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) workshops addressing ‘The importance of glaciers for the marine ecosystem’, here we review the state of the art concerning how freshwater discharge affects the marine environment with a specific focus on marine biogeochemistry and biological productivity. Using a series of Arctic case studies (Nuup Kangerlua/Godthåbsfjord, Kongsfjorden, Bowdoin Fjord, Young Sound, and Sermilik Fjord), the interconnected effects of freshwater discharge on fjord-shelf exchange, nutrient availability, the carbonate system, and the microbial foodweb are investigated. Key findings are that whether the effect of glacier discharge on marine primary production is positive, or negative is highly dependent on a combination of factors. These include glacier type (marine- or land-terminating) and the limiting resource for phytoplankton growth in a specific spatiotemporal region (light, macronutrients or micronutrients). Glacier fjords therefore often exhibit distinct discharge-productivity relationships and multiple case-studies must be considered in order to understand the net effects of glacier discharge on Arctic marine ecosystems.

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Section: A Need For New Approaches?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Hopwood¹,

Carroll²,

Dunse³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…For example, ice-rock abrasion means that glacially fed rivers can carry higher sediment loads than temperate rivers (Chu et al, 2009;Overeem et al, 2017). Extensive sediment plumes where glacier discharge first enters the ocean limit light penetration into the water column (Murray et al, 2015;Halbach et al, 2019), and ingestion of glacial flour particles can be hazardous, or even fatal, to zooplankton, krill and benthic fauna (White and Dagg, 1989;Włodarska-Kowalczuk and Pearson, 2004;Arendt et al, 2011;Fuentes et al, 2016). However, these plumes also provide elevated concentrations of inorganic components such as calcium carbonate, which affects seawater alkalinity (Yde et al, 2014;Fransson et al, 2015), and dissolved silicic acid (hereafter Si) (Brown et al, 2010;Meire et al, 2016a) and iron (Fe) (Statham et al, 2008;Lippiatt et al, 2010), which can potentially increase marine primary production (Gerringa et al, 2012;Meire et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination of long-term monitoring programmes and intensive Arctic field campaigns have improved our knowledge of glacier–ocean interactions in recent years, especially with respect to fjord/ocean circulation, there are extensive knowledge gaps concerning how glaciers affect marine biogeochemistry and productivity. Following two cross-cutting disciplinary International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) workshops addressing the importance of glaciers for the marine ecosystem, here we review the state of the art concerning how freshwater discharge affects the marine environment with a specific focus on marine biogeochemistry and biological productivity. Using a series of Arctic case studies (Nuup Kangerlua/Godthåbsfjord, Kongsfjorden, Kangerluarsuup Sermia/Bowdoin Fjord, Young Sound and Sermilik Fjord), the interconnected effects of freshwater discharge on fjord–shelf exchange, nutrient availability, the carbonate system, the carbon cycle and the microbial food web are investigated. Key findings are that whether the effect of glacier discharge on marine primary production is positive or negative is highly dependent on a combination of factors. These include glacier type (marine- or land-terminating), fjord–glacier geometry and the limiting resource(s) for phytoplankton growth in a specific spatio-temporal region (light, macronutrients or micronutrients). Arctic glacier fjords therefore often exhibit distinct discharge–productivity relationships, and multiple case-studies must be considered in order to understand the net effects of glacier discharge on Arctic marine ecosystems.

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“…Typically, wet chemical analyzers show high resolution, accuracy and precision with a moderate response time ( Table 2). The systems are limited by reagent and power consumption, cost, size, and weight (Grand et al, 2019).…”

Section: Wet Chemical Analyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because particle concentrations can exert an impact on measurement performance, pre-filtration may be necessary. For small manifolds, such as LoC systems, filtration is highly recommended to avoid blocking the channels of the microfluidic system (Grand et al, 2019). The correct choice of filter pore size depends on the particle dynamics in the deployment location, acknowledging that this may or may not be known at the time of deployment.…”

Section: Consideration Of the Environmental Interferences For In Situmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Harmonization for Using in situ Nutrient Sensors in the Marine Environment

et al. 2020

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Developing Autonomous Observing Systems for Micronutrient Trace Metals

Cited by 25 publications

References 109 publications

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Review article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Toward a Harmonization for Using in situ Nutrient Sensors in the Marine Environment

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