Developing dendritic cell for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: Breakthrough in the pandemic

Abstract

Finding a vaccine that can last a long time and effective against viruses with high mutation rates such as SARS-CoV-2 is still a challenge today. The various vaccines that have been available have decreased in effectiveness and require booster administration. As the professional antigen presenting cell, Dendritic Cells can also activate the immune system, especially T cells. This ability makes dendritic cells have been developed as vaccines for some types of diseases. In SARS-CoV-2 infection, T cells play a vital role in eliminating the virus, and their presence can be detected in the long term. Hence, this condition shows that the formation of T cell immunity is essential to prevent and control the course of the disease. The construction of vaccines oriented to induce strong T cells response can be formed by utilizing dendritic cells. In this article, we discuss and illustrate the role of dendritic cells and T cells in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and summarizing the crucial role of dendritic cells in the formation of T cell immunity. We arrange the basis concept of developing dendritic cells for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. A dendritic cell-based vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to be an effective vaccine that solves existing problems.

Virus-Mimetic Extracellular-Vesicle Vaccine Boosts Systemic and Mucosal Immunity via Immune Recruitment

“…33 Utilizing DCs to construct vaccines that induce a robust T-cell response and enhance immune memory to counteract viral reinfection is an effective vaccine research strategy. 34,35 Given that pathogens are ideal for natural selection, their mechanisms of viral or bacterial infection provide substantial guidance for designing vaccine delivery systems. This often involves mimicking their structure or physicochemical properties to enhance the complete uptake and efficient delivery of antigens.…”

“…DCs have therefore been employed in vaccines against certain diseases. − The advantage of DCs in T-cell activation, coupled with their relevance to SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanics, underscores the feasibility of DC-based vaccines . Utilizing DCs to construct vaccines that induce a robust T-cell response and enhance immune memory to counteract viral reinfection is an effective vaccine research strategy. , …”

Safety and efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine for COVID-19 prevention after 1-Year follow-up: phase I and II clinical trial final result

“…The development of dendritic cell (DC)–based vaccines is an innovative vaccine that can overcome existing problems. DC–based vaccines utilize the ability of DCs as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to induce a human immune system oriented to T-cell immunity ( 6 ). The development of autologous DC–based vaccines with the ex vivo method can be an effective method because it can ensure the quality of the DCs used, streamline the DC maturation process and antigen presentation that occurs, and improve the safety of vaccination, including in subjects with comorbidities who have vaccination contraindications.…”