SLD, including, among others, MASLD and MASH, is considered the most prevalent chronic liver condition affecting more than one-fourth of the global population. This review aims to provide the most recent information regarding SLD pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management options, in line with the most current advancements in the guidelines and clinical trials. Collectively, it is hoped that the information provided furthers the understanding of the current state of SLD with direct clinical implications and stimulates additional research initiatives.