Developing hillside farming systems for the humid tropics: The case of the Philippines

Gwyer, G. D.

doi:10.1080/13600817808423869

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Elsewhere, agroforestry systems have been found useful for cultivating steeplands in densely populated regions of the Phillipines [Gwyer, 1978;De la Rosa, 1984], Rwanda [CTFT, 1979], Northeastern India [Borthakur et al, 1981], Indonesia [Sukmana et al, 1985], and other regions in the tropics [Benge, 1979;Fonzen and Oberholzer, 1984;Ssakabembe, 1985].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry systems and soil surface management of a tropical alfisol: I: Soil moisture and crop yields

Lal

1989

Agroforest Syst

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Field experiments were conducted on a tropical Alfisol at Ibadan, Nigeria, to evaluate the effects on soil moisture and crop yields of three agroforestry systems. Effects of agroforestry treatments involving two perennial shrubs (Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium), each at 2-m and 4-m row spacings, were compared with no-till and plow-till systems of seedbed preparation. Measurements were made for soil properties, runoff and erosion, nutrient losses in runoff, and crop growth and yield for a uniform maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) rotation. All of the six plots, each measuring 70 x 10m, were established on a natural slope of about 7%. Alterations in soil properties and effects on crop growth were evaluated for six consecutive years from 1982 through 1987.Seed germination and seedling establishment of Leucaena hedgerows were satisfactory while establishment of Gliricidia from stem cuttings was unsatisfactory. Maize germination and crop stand were normal while that of cowpea were suppressed by both Leucaena and Gliricidia. Maize growth and yield were suppressed only in the vicinity of hedgerows. Maize grain yield in agroforestry systems averaged about 10 percent lower than that of the control. In contrast with maize, agroforestry systems drastically suppressed cowpea grain yield. The average cowpea yield in agroforestry systems was 30 to 50% of the control. Regardless of the mangement system, grain yields declined over time at the rate of 340 and 96 kg ha-~ yr -~ for maize and cowpea, respectively.Hedgerows of Leucaena and Gliricidia acted as windbreaks, Consequently, soil moisture content in the top 0-5 cm layer in agroforestry systems was generally higher than that in the control during both wet and dry seasons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry systems and soil surface management of a tropical alfisol: I: Soil moisture and crop yields

Lal

1989

Agroforest Syst

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“…Farm land in 1970 was slightly more than , 1948, 1960, 1970, 1980. total arable land. In addition, because 'urban areas and others' now take up approximately 11,000 km 2 [Agricultural Policy and Strategy Team, 1986] and much of this land is most likely arable land [Bruce, 1987;Gwyer, 1978], at least 20,000 klT12 of farlTl land in 1980 was not on arable land. If we assume that farmers prefer arable to non-arable land for agriculture, then it would appear that almost all of the increase in farm area since 1960 has been on non-arable land, as defined by the Bureau of Soils.…”

Section: A Macro View Of Agriculture and Forestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in farm area between 1970 and 1980 was 70% greater than from 1960 to 1970 (12,315 km 2 to 7,212 km 2) and the increase in farmland from 1980 to 1987 alone was greater than the increase from 1970 to 1980 (16,000 km 2 to 12,315 km2). In short, this discussion raises serious questions as to how useful the concept of the land frontier is and introduces the more relevant question of how much land is suitable for agriculture and what type of agriculture [Gwyer, 1978].…”

Section: Arable Land and The Agricultural Frontiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Upland agriculture, the land frontier and forest decline in the Philippines

Kummer

1992

Agroforest Syst

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Population pressure, expansion of small-scale agriculture and shifting cultivation are commonly cited as the causes of tropical deforestation. A close examination of deforestation and agriculture in the Philippine uplands reveals, however, that the vast majority of agriculturists must be sedentary farmers. In addition, the importance of population pressure as a cause of deforestation in the Philippines cannot be supported by the available evidence. Lastly, the concept of 'arable land' is shown to be of limited value in discussing upland agriculture in the Philippines.

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Soil Erosion and Crop Productivity: A Worldwide Perspective

Wolman

2015

Soil Erosion and Crop Productivity

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Developing hillside farming systems for the humid tropics: The case of the Philippines

Cited by 3 publications

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Agroforestry systems and soil surface management of a tropical alfisol: I: Soil moisture and crop yields

Agroforestry systems and soil surface management of a tropical alfisol: I: Soil moisture and crop yields

Upland agriculture, the land frontier and forest decline in the Philippines

Soil Erosion and Crop Productivity: A Worldwide Perspective

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