Developing Moral Reasoning Theory Based on Islamic Education Perspective

Abstract

This moral reasoning study presents Islamic education perspective. In this literature study, I tried to present the concept of moral reasoning levels that Kohlberg compiled to be juxtaposed with al-Ghazali and other moslem scholars (ulama), and also examined its congruence, in order to be discovered its similarities and differences. This study will compare that moral reasoning in Ilmu al-Akhlaq had some levels as well as Kohlberg's moral reasoning. The morals' level; Awam, Khawas, Khawas al-khawas which refers to the concept of Tasawuf, the dimension of Islamic teaching, can be juxtaposed with the level of moral reasoning; Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post-conventional. The theoretical base of morals' level Ilmu al-Akhlaq can be taken from the concept of taqlid (ittiba') and ijtihad which comes from the Ushul Fiqh theory that can be matched with heteronomous and autonomous concepts in the cognitive moral theory which is being the theoretical basis of moral reasoning.