Developing sustainable models of agroforest-landscape in Bogor, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Nurrochmat NA, Purnomo H, Muhdin, Erbaugh JT. 2023. Developing sustainable models of agroforest-landscape in Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4324-4333. Deforestation continues in Indonesia even though many regulations and precautions have been taken. It most likely happened due to the less economic contribution from the forestry sector, which caused the conversion from forest lands to more profitable land uses. The forest area covers 125 million hectares (66%) of 190 million hectares of country land but contributes only about 0.60% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). An agroforestry scheme is promoted to increase the economic value of the forest to increase both the community welfare and the environmental quality. This study indicates that the best agroforestry commodities for social scenarios are durian, ornamental plants, and laying hens, with the highest potential profit of IDR.143,857,559 (USD.9,652)/hectare/month and 9.19 tons/hectare carbon stock. While for the economic scenario is jackfruit, ornamental plants, and laying hens with a potential profit of IDR.146,908,379 (USD.9,789)/hectare/month and 18.66 tons/hectare carbon stock. In comparison, the ecology scenario promotes nutmeg and ornamental plants with a potential profit of IDR 36,814,280 (USD.2,470)/hectare/month, with the highest of 56.12 tons/hectare carbon stock. This study recommends the appropriate land use models for the government to address the conflict of interest between agriculture and forestry in contributing to Indonesia's FoLU (Forestry and other Land Uses) Net Sink in 2030.

Productive Carbon Forest: Agroforestry with high economic forest commodities to increase carbon stocks and community welfare in Garut Indonesia

“…hectare per year. This expected income is reasonable, in line with the agroforestry model from previous research[6], and is supposed to improve community welfare.Source: OEC[11] …”

“…The success of making sustainable forests will not only accomplish ecological aspects, but it is also important to see the economic welfare of the community and their happiness. Without that, the vicious circle of deforestation and degradation will keep occurring [6].…”

“…It is anticipated that this undertaking will serve as a pilot project for improving the social forest in Indonesia and could increase both the ecology and community welfare. Nevertheless, this productive carbon forest is expected to succeed in Indonesia's FoLU (Forest and Other Land Use) Net Sink 2030 and Indonesia's domestic carbon market, established at the end of September 2023 [6]. Furthermore, the success of Indonesia's domestic carbon market hopes can be followed up by the International carbon market soon.…”

“…It is known that land use changes are one of the main problems faced by the world, especially Indonesia. Forests change economically into more productive land use, such as agriculture or settlement [6]. It is inevitable because the population in Indonesia is rapidly increasing every year, so the need for them, i.e., food and home, is also increasing.…”

“…Sustainable forest management in social forestry schemes by implementing agroforestry systems has the potential to provide various benefits. Several studies have shown that agroforestry systems tend to have relatively high carbon stocks [6]. This is because agroforestry has a diversity of species in it.…”