Development and acclimatization of carbofuran-degrading soil enrichment cultures at different temperatures

Ramanand, K.; Panda, Soudamini; Sharmila, M.; Adhya, T. K.; Sethunathan, N.

doi:10.1021/jf00079a050

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Numerous studies have indicated that there is a positive correlation between temperature and the rate of pesticide degradation (Ramanand et al, 1988a;Jones & Norris, 1998). Results obtained from laboratory studies performed by Bromilow and Leistra (1980) demonstrate that higher temperatures benefited the microbes responsible for the degradation of aldicarb and fenamiphos.…”

Section: Accelerated Microbial Degradation Of Nematicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the major factors responsible for such a difference in pesticide persistence between temperate and tropical conditions is soil temperature (Talekar et al, 1977). The results obtained by Ramanand et al (1988a) indicated that intensive use of the same pesticide might lead to the more rapid build-up of a very active pesticide-degrading microbial population under the hot-humid conditions of a tropical environment than it would under temperate conditions. From the evidence presented by Ramanand et al (1988b), the bacterium, which was isolated from the soil at 35°C, appears to possess a greater capacity to mineralise carbofuran at 35°C than it does at 20°C.…”

Section: Accelerated Microbial Degradation Of Nematicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Hugo

Mouton²,

Malan

2016

SAJEV

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Accelerated microbial degradation (AMD) of organophosphate and carbamate nematicides is a phenomenon whereby biodegradation in the soil is increased, leading to a dramatically shortened persistence of nematicides. More intensified agriculture practices in South Africa in response to the future demand for food may lead to increased pest and disease pressure, which in turn will lead to more frequent pesticide application. The same principle applies to plant-parasitic nematode control practices, and the overuse and misuse will have a pronounced effect on the enhancement of AMD. With limited management options available, the responsible use of nematicides becomes more pertinent. Producers should be aware of the problems associated with multiple soil applications of organophosphates and carbamates against plant-parasitic nematodes. This article reviews factors contributing to the AMD of carbamate and organophosphate nematicides in soil and makes practical recommendations to avoid the occurrence of AMD in vineyard and orchards.

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Section: Accelerated Microbial Degradation Of Nematicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accelerated Microbial Degradation Of Nematicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Hugo

Mouton²,

Malan

2016

SAJEV

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“…7H2O, 0.001 /gm; distilled water, 1L, PH 6.5) supplemented with 20 ug/mL of imidacloprid were placed in 500 Erlenmeyer flasks (Ramanand et al, 1988) as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. MS medium was inoculated with 1 mL of the liquid solution that contained the plant after 10 days of experimental periods and incubated for 5 days for proliferation of imidacloprid-grading microorganisms.…”

Section: Phytoremediation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of Water and Soil Contaminated with Imidacloprid Pesticide byPlantago Major, L.

Romeh

2009

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Broadleaf plantain plant (Plantago major L.) was used in phytoremediation of imidacloprid insecticide in water and soils. For the Freundlich model the constant related to the biosorption capacity (Kf) of imidaclaprid were respectively, 7.94, 6.31, and 2.51 ug/g for dry roots, fruits (seeds with shells) and leaves of broadleaf plantain plant. Viable whole broadleaf plantain plant in water solution reduced imidacloprid residues by 55.81-95.17%, during 1-10 days of exposure periods compared with 13.71-61.95% in water solution without the plantain. In water solution, imidacloprid significantly accumulated in plantain roots, leaves and fruits to reach the maximum levels after 6, 1 and 3 days of treatment, respectively. The maximum levels were 15.74, 37.21, and 5.74 ug/gm, respectively. These values were decreased to 6.95, 1.46, and 0.12 ug/ gm after 10 days of treatment. The growing cells of short-rod gram-negative bacteria that isolated from the water solution containing broadleaf plantain plants was able to induce 93.34% loss of imidacloprid as a source of both carbon and nitrogen within a short period (48 hr) compared with 31.90% in un inoculated medium. Half-life (t 1/2) in soil planted with broadleaf plantain plants and in unplanted soil were found to be 4.8 and 8.4 days, respectively.

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“…Isolation of a carbofuran-degrading bacterium. Flooded soil, which was incubated at 35 + 1°C in an incubator, was treated with 50 ,ug of carbofuran per g of soil 6 times at 10-day intervals to enrich the soil with carbofuran-degrading microorganisms (14). For isolation of the carbofuran-degrading microorganisms from this enrichment culture (14), 20 ml of a sterile mineral salts (MS) medium (MgSO4 7H.O, * Corresponding author.…”

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Mineralization of Carbofuran by a Soil Bacterium

Ramanand

Sharmila

Sethunathan

1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A bacterium, tentatively identified as an Arthrobacter sp., was isolated from flooded soil that was incubated at 35°C and repeatedly treated with carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl N-methylcarbamate). This bacterium exhibited an exceptional capacity to completely mineralize the ring-labeled 14C in carbofuran to 14Co2 within 72 to 120 h in a mineral salts medium as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen under aerobic conditions. Mineralization was more rapid at 35°C than at 20°C. No degradation of carbofuran occurred even after prolonged incubation under anaerobic conditions. The predicted metabolites of carbofuran, 7-phenol (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol) and 3-hydroxycarbofuran, were also metabolized rapidly. 7-Phenol, although formed during carbofuran degradation, never accumulated in large amounts, evidently because of its further metabolism through ring cleavage. The bacterium readily hydrolyzed carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate), but its hydrolysis product, 1-naphthol, resisted further degradation by this bacterium. Carbamate pesticides have been developed as a biodegradable and short-lived alternative to highly stable organochlorines (1, 7). Among the carbamate pesticides, carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl N-methylcarbamate) is widely used in rice culture for controlling the brown planthopper (Nilapari'ata ligens St'al) and other insect pests of rice. Carbofuran is chemically hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions (5), but microorganisms have been implicated in its degradation in near-neutral soil and water environments (11). An Achromobacteer sp., which was isolated from carbofuran-treated soils, exhibited an exceptional capacity to hydrolyze almost all the added carbofuran within 42 h as a sole source of nitrogen in a medium with glucose as an additional carbon source (6); 7-phenol was not metabolized further. Recently, we found that repeated additions of carbofuran to flooded soil incubated at 35°C yielded a soil enrichment culture with an exceptional capacity to hydrolyze carbofuran and to mineralize the 7-phenol to CO, in 4 to 5 days (14). Here we report the degradation of carbofuran by a bacterium isolated from this enrichment culture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Insecticides and their metabolites. Analytical grade carbofuran (99.4% purity), uniformly ring-labeled [14C]carbofuran (specific activity, 39.4 mCi/mmol; 98% purity), carbonyl-1

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Development and acclimatization of carbofuran-degrading soil enrichment cultures at different temperatures

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Phytoremediation of Water and Soil Contaminated with Imidacloprid Pesticide byPlantago Major, L.

Mineralization of Carbofuran by a Soil Bacterium

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