Development and application of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to differentiate antibodies against live and inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Yu, Cong; Huang, Zhiqiang; Sun, Youhong; Ran, Wei; Zhu, Lisai; Yang, Guilian; Ding, Xuemei; Yang, Zhan-Qing; Huang, Xiao Ming; Wang, Chunfeng; Ding, Zhuang

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2013.06.027

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This confirms the findings of another study, where no antibody response was detected with the IDEXX ELISA after inactivated PRRSV vaccination as well [10]. As expected from the results of other studies [2, 6, 16], the IDEXX ELISA tested most piglets PRRSV Ab positive from day 10 after infection onwards. According to a study by Zuckermann et al, the IDEXX ELISA was able to detect higher S/P values in pigs pre-vaccinated with an inactivated PRRSV vaccine than in non-vaccinated pigs on days 7 and 10 after the subsequent challenge [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In one study using serum samples collected from challenged pigs, a sensitivity of 100% was found [5]. Measured with the IDEXX ELISA, an antibody response can be detected beginning between days 9 and 12 after PRRSV infection or vaccination with attenuated PRRSV live vaccines [2, 6–9] and lasting at least until day 120 after vaccination or challenge [10]. Although the application of certain inactivated PRRSV vaccines seems to prime the immune system and can, according to some studies, lead to a faster and more effective immune response after PRRSV infection [11, 12], no antibody response has been observed with the IDEXX ELISA after vaccination with inactivated PRRSV vaccines [10, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore the question arises as to whether or not other ELISAs are capable of detecting PRRSV specific Ab in the serum of pigs vaccinated with an inactivated PRRSV vaccine. Studies conducted with a blocking ELISA [2] and a commercial ELISA [14] hint towards this possibility. In a study published by Cong et al [2], a combination of a nucleocapsid based ELISAs and an ELISA based on non-structural proteins (NSP) as antigens was even able to differentiate inactivated vaccine-derived Ab from Ab evoked by live vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted with a blocking ELISA [2] and a commercial ELISA [14] hint towards this possibility. In a study published by Cong et al [2], a combination of a nucleocapsid based ELISAs and an ELISA based on non-structural proteins (NSP) as antigens was even able to differentiate inactivated vaccine-derived Ab from Ab evoked by live vaccines. The ELISAs described in the study, however, are not commercially available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ability of ELISAs to detect antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after inactivated vaccination and subsequent challenge

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIn this study, six enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), intended for routine porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) herd monitoring, are tested for their ability to detect PRRSV specific antibodies in the serum of pigs after vaccination with an inactivated PRRSV type 1 vaccine and subsequent infection with a highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV field strain. For this reason, ten piglets (group V) from a PRRSV negative herd were vaccinated twice at the age of 2 and 4 weeks with an inactivated PRRSV vaccine. Ten additional piglets (group N) from the same herd remained unvaccinated. Three weeks after second vaccination, each of the piglets received an intradermal application of an HP PRRSV field strain. Serum samples were taken before first vaccination as well as before and 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after HP PRRSV application. All serum samples were tested for PRRSV RNA by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) as well as for PRRSV antibodies with all six study ELISAs.ResultsAt the beginning of the study (before vaccination), all of the piglets were PRRSV antibody negative with all study ELISAs. They also tested negative for PRRSV RNA measured by RT-qPCR. From day 3 after HP PRRSV application until the end of the study, a viremia was detected by RT-qPCR in all of the piglets. On day 0 (day of HP PRRSV application), nine out of ten piglets of the pre-vaccinated group tested PRRSV antibody positive with one of the tested ELISAs, although with lower S/P values than after infection. On day 10 after HP PRRSV application, all study ELISAs except one had significantly higher S/P or OD values, respectively more positive samples, in group V than in group N.ConclusionsOnly one of the tested ELISAs was able to detect reliably PRRSV antibodies in pigs vaccinated with an inactivated PRRSV vaccine. With most of the tested ELISAs, higher S/P values respectively more positive samples after PRRSV infection were seen in the pre-vaccinated group than in the non-vaccinated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ability of ELISAs to detect antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after inactivated vaccination and subsequent challenge

et al. 2016

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“…The Nsps are synthesized when the virus is replicating, so healthy animals that are vaccinated with inactivated virus would only be expected to elicit antibodies to structural proteins, so the anti-Nsp antibodies in animal serum is a clear indication of virus activity [24] . Among the nonstructural genes of PRRSV, Nsp9 contained within ORF1b is the most conserved region of Arteriviridae genomes and encodes RdRp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of polyclonal antibodies against nonstructural protein 9 from the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Zhao¹,

Qian²,

Xie³

et al. 2016

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered to be one of the most important infectious diseases impacting the swine industry and is characterized by reproductive failure in late term gestation in sows and respiratory disease in pigs of all ages. The nonstructural protein 9 gene, Nsp9, encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is generally regarded as fairly conserved when compared to other viral proteins. Antibodies against Nsp9 will be of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of the causal agent, PRRS virus. A study was undertaken to generate polyclonal antibodies against the immunodominant Nsp9. For this purpose, the Nsp9 was expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently used as an antigen to immunize New Zealand rabbits. Antiserum was identified via an indirect ELISA, and then verified based on the ability to react with both naturally and artificially expressed Nsp9. Results of virus neutralization test showed that this antiserum could not neutralize the PRRSV. Nevertheless, this antiserum as a diagnostic core reagent should prove invaluable for further investigations into the mechanism of PRRS pathogenesis.

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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses (Porcine Arteriviruses)

Dee²,

et al. 2019

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Development and application of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to differentiate antibodies against live and inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Ability of ELISAs to detect antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after inactivated vaccination and subsequent challenge

Ability of ELISAs to detect antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after inactivated vaccination and subsequent challenge

Characterization of polyclonal antibodies against nonstructural protein 9 from the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses (Porcine Arteriviruses)

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