Development and Application of Resistance Strain Force Sensors

Bite force measurement is an important parameter when checking the function and integrity of the masticatory system, whereas it is currently very difficult to measure bite force during functional movement. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the potential technique and device for the measurement and intervention of the continuous bite forces on functional and dynamic occlusal condition. A portable biosensor by sandwich technique was designed, and the validity, reliability, and sensitivity were determined by mechanical pressure loading tests; meanwhile, the pressure signal is acquired by, and transmitted to, voltage changes by the electrical measurements of the sensors. The result is that, when the mechanical stress detection device is thicker than 3.5 mm, it shows relatively ideal mechanical properties; however, when the thickness is less than 3.0 mm, there is a risk of cracking. Mechanical stress changing and voltage variation had a regularity and positive relationship in this study. The mechanical stress-measuring device made by medical and industrial cross has a good application prospect for the measurement of bite force during function.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandwich Integration Technique for the Pressure Sensor Detection of Occlusal Force In Vitro

Gao

Liu

et al. 2021

“…The most common and cheapest strain sensors are based on metals alloys such as Cu-Ni and Ni-Cr, showing a gauge factor ranging between 2 and 5. More recent sensor concepts include the use of wide band gap semiconductors (such as SiC and GaN) and carbon nanotubes, showing piezoresistive and piezoelectric responses [40]. Those materials allow for the reaching of gauge factors and detection limits several order of magnitudes lower than metals.…”

Section: Strain Gaugesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Mechanical and Chemical Sensors for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Systems

Rocca

Giuliano

Nicol

et al. 2022

The electrification of passenger cars is one of the most effective approaches to reduce noxious emissions in urban areas and, if the electricity is produced using renewable sources, to mitigate the global warming. This profound change of paradigm in the transport sector requires the use of Li-ion battery packages as energy storage systems to substitute conventional fossil fuels. An automotive battery package is a complex system that has to respect several constraints: high energy and power densities, long calendar and cycle lives, electrical and thermal safety, crash-worthiness, and recyclability. To comply with all these requirements, battery systems integrate a battery management system (BMS) connected to an complex network of electric and thermal sensors. On the other hand, since Li-ion cells can suffer from degradation phenomena with consequent generation of gaseous emissions or determine dimensional changes of the cell packaging, chemical and mechanical sensors should be integrated in modern automotive battery packages to guarantee the safe operation of the system. Mechanical and chemical sensors for automotive batteries require further developments to reach the requested robustness and reliability; in this review, an overview of the current state of art on such sensors will be proposed.

“…The structure of the strain gauge is shown in Figure 3a. When the strain gauge is bent by external forces, the length of the inner metal wire will become longer, and the resistance value R of the metal wire is proportional to the length L. The increase in the length will lead to an increase in the resistance of the strain gauge [21][22][23]. Two sets of the same pressure sensors are installed in the cone tip and the side wall of the probe.…”

Section: Pressure Sensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Studies and Implementation on the Temporary Data Storage Method for Cone Penetration Test

Liu

Shen

Wang

et al. 2021

The traditional cone penetration test system uses cable to transmit data; as the probe goes deeper into the ground, the length of the cable will become longer. This makes the installation of the test equipment more complicated, and excessively long cables cause signal distortion and seriously affect data accuracy. To simplify the experimental equipment and improve the accuracy of data acquisition, a cableless cone penetration test system is proposed. The improved system uses an SD card to store the experimental data, as opposed to using cables for communication which, often lead to the distortion of signals caused by long-distance communication and data loss caused by accidental cable breaks. Therefore, the accuracy of the collected data is higher, and the experimental device is simplified. To evaluate the applicability and efficiency of our design, we have carried out exploration experiments with the sensor system proposed in this paper. The test results show that the experimental data collected by the new system are basically consistent with the data collected by traditional cable CPT equipment, and the accuracy of the collected data is higher. It is more reliable and accurate to analyze the comprehensive mechanical properties of the soil layers with the data collected by the new system.