Development and characterization of Brassica juncea – fruticulosa introgression lines exhibiting resistance to mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt)

Abstract

BackgroundMustard aphid is a major pest of Brassica oilseeds. No source for aphid resistance is presently available in Brassica juncea . A wild crucifer, Brassica fruticulosa is known to be resistant to mustard aphid. An artificially synthesized amphiploid, AD-4 (B. fruticulosa × B. rapa var. brown sarson) was developed for use as a bridge species to transfer fruticulosa resistance to B. juncea. Using the selfed backcross we could select a large number of lines with resistance to mustard aphid. This paper reports cytogenetic stability of introgression lines, molecular evidence for alien introgression and their reaction to mustard aphid infestation.ResultsMajority of introgression lines had expected euploid chromosome number(2n= 36), showed normal meiosis and high pollen grain fertility. Well-distributed and transferable simple-sequence repeats (SSR) markers for all the 18 B. juncea chromosomes helped to characterize introgression events. Average proportions of recipient and donor genome in the substitution lines were 49.72 and 35.06%, respectively. Minimum alien parent genome presence (27.29%) was observed in the introgression line, Ad3K-280 . Introgressed genotypes also varied for their resistance responses to mustard aphid infestations under artificial release conditions for two continuous seasons. Some of the test genotypes showed consistent resistant reaction.ConclusionsB.juncea-fruticulosa introgression set may prove to be a very powerful breeding tool for aphid resistance related QTL/gene discovery and fine mapping of the desired genes/QTLs to facilitate marker assisted transfer of identified gene(s) for mustard aphid resistance in the background of commercial mustard genotypes.

Population dynamics of potential bioagents of mustard aphid, Lipaphiserysimi(Kaltenbach) on different cultivars of rapeseed-mustard

“…In India, during 2013-14 area and production of rapeseed mustard was 6.70 million hectare and 7.96 million tons respectively (ASG, 2014). Among the insect pests, the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious threat to successful cultivation of oilseed Brassicas in India (Kumar et al, 2011;Atri et al, 2012) and it ISSN : 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online) All Rights Reserved © Applied and Natural Science Foundation www.jans.ansfoundation.org infest the crop right from seedling stage to maturity (Singh, 2013). For the management of mustard aphids at present farmers spray systemic insecticides which not only pollute the environment but also kill several natural enemies which have been reported naturally in mustard ecosystem.. Several natural enemies of mustard aphids have been reported from time to time.…”

Genomic affinities between Brassica napus and Raphanus raphanistrum as revealed by meiotic GISH

“…) and aphid resistance (Atri et al. ). Introgression of alien genetic variation is now a critical component of crop improvement activities in rapeseed–mustard crops.…”

“…Notable examples of successful novel gene introgression following wide hybridization include the transfer of club root resistance from Raphanus sativus to B. oleracea var. botrytis (Hagimori et al 1992), introgression of restorer gene from R. sativus into B. napus (Heyn 1976) and B. oleracea (Rousselle and Dosba 1985) for ogura-based CMS system, alternaria leaf spot resistance from Sinapis alba to B. napus (Primard et al1998), fertility restorer genes for a number of CMS systems (Banga et al 2003b), Sclerotinia resistance (Garg et al 2010) and aphid resistance (Atri et al 2012). Introgression of alien genetic variation is now a critical component of crop improvement activities in rapeseed-mustard crops.…”

Evaluation of petroleum spray oil against turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) infesting oilseed brassica

“…Brassica juncea is the major winter season oilseed crop cultivated in India, while other species like B. napus and B. rapa are grown to a limited extent. Among the biotic stresses that confront these crops, the damage caused by mustard/turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is the major constraint in realization of full yield potential of the crop (Kumar et al, 2011;Atri et al, 2012). The damage caused by this key pest of mustard ranges from 35.0 to 91.0% in different agro-climatic conditions of the country (Singh and Sachan, 1994) and results in complete crop failure in the event of lack of control measures.…”