Development and Characterization of Genic Microsatellites for the Ornamental Plant Green and Gold (Chrysogonum virginianum)

Abstract

The genus Chrysogonum is native to the eastern United States. Three entities have been recognized-either as three varieties of Chrysogonum virginianum or as two species, one of them with two varieties. The current study suggests that a fourth entity should be recognized. Several forms of the complex are in commercial trade as ornamentals. As very limited molecular information on Chrysogonum is available, we developed a set of genic simple sequence repeat markers (eSSRs) from de novo transcriptome sequencing. We tested a set of 17 eSSRs on a collection of C. virginianum genomic DNA samples from the three botanical varieties, and a new putative type observed in Tennessee, dubbed ''Ocoee-type'' for its geographic origin. The polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis analyses with downstream population genetics tools verified the usefulness of the eSSRs. By applying this approach, we showed recognizable variation within Chrysogonum, although it did not correspond exactly to previous infraspecific classifications. Finally, as demonstrated for the commercial cultivar Pierre included in the study, the eSSRs can be used for enhancing the future breeding or hybridization efforts of this ornamental plant.

Development and Characterization of 20 Genomic SSR Markers for Ornamental Cultivars of Weigela

“…A total of 70,913 gSSRs were identified from 65,634 sequences, including 5156 classified as compound gSSRs (i.e., gSSRs next to each other or separated by less than 15 base pairs [bp]). Similar to other studies, the most common motif was [AT] n [ 22 , 23 , 29 ], with 27,618 gSSRs or 45% of the 61,075 dinucleotide repeats being identified as [AT] n ( Figure 1 ). Additionally, 3761 tri- and 921 tetra-nucleotide repeats were identified ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…SSRs can be mined and developed from genomic (gSSRs) or expressed sequence tag (e- or EST-SSRs) sequences, each with their own advantages and disadvantages [ 19 , 20 ]. SSR markers in general have been widely used in genetic studies including genetic diversity and population structure [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], constructing genetic maps [ 24 , 25 ], and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping [ 26 , 27 ]. Additionally, SSR markers can be used as a quick, low cost tool to identify cultivars, which is useful in breeding programs [ 28 ].…”

Development and Characterization of 15 Novel Genomic SSRs for Viburnum farreri

“…The resulting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products can then be sized to determine the polymorphisms and therefore, alleles of specific loci. As a result of these properties, SSRs are frequently used to investigate genetic diversity [ 28 , 29 ] and delimit species and subspecies [ 30 , 31 ].…”

A Rapid Integration Method of Wild Ornamental Plant Resources Based on Improved Clustering Algorithm

“…As shown in Figure 7, the running delays of the integrated methods presented in reference [5], cholinesterase inhibition [8], and genic simple sequence repeat markers (eSSRs) [9] are compared. It takes 4.64 s, 3.86 s, and 2.94 s running delay, respectively, by these three algorithms, whereas the proposed methods of clustering discussed in the study has a delay of 1.96 s which is minimal among all approaches.…”

“…e greenhouse growing technique boosts production and assures a year-round supply of high-quality ornamental plant produce. Climate variables like temperature and humidity, on the other hand, are designed to boost crop development in such protected areas [9]. Hence, an enhanced clustering approach is proposed in this research work to ornamental plant resource integration.…”