Development and characterization of poly(butylene adipate‐ co ‐terephthalate) ( PBAT ) antimicrobial films with clove and cinnamon essential oils

Abstract

Packaging is a physical barrier that separates the product from the outside. It is also possible to add active agents to the packaging so that it becomes active, extending the shelf life of products. Antimicrobial active packaging uses antimicrobial agents, such as essential oils, to inhibit or delay microbial growth in food. The objective of this work is to produce active packaging made of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate), a biodegradable polymer, that uses essential oil as an antimicrobial agent. To achieve this goal, active films were produced with concentrations of 2, 4, and 8% (w/w) of clove and cinnamon essential oils, by solution casting. In results that both oils have antimicrobial activity, The presence of the oils did not alter the degradation temperature of the studied films, and the tensile properties varied significantly. Practical applications Clove and cinnamon essential oils present proven antimicrobial activity. Thus, the use of those essential oils as PBAT additives makes it possible for the development of an active packaging that has antimicrobial properties. In turn, they can be used to package food products. Moreover, the confirmation on the ability of those oils to migrate from the packaging to the medium shows the potential to preserve fresh food, since those additives are safe for human consumption. Furthermore, the slow migration of those additives contributes to a longer food shelf life and to reduce the amount of synthetic food preservatives used in food processing, that is, reducing the amount of synthetic preservative intake by consumers.

Development of antibacterial carboxymethyl cellulose/quaternized starch bionanocomposites based on cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion for wound healing applications

“…Moreover, the recent studies [21][22][23] have witnessed rapid development of the use of CIEO as an adjunctive therapy in enhancing symptoms of depressive and anxiety disorders. It was found that CIEO essential oil composed of more than 20 constituents; however, the major constituent in the CIEO was cinnamaldehyde, which identified by GC-MS to be ~ 81% of the oil [24], in addition to benzaldehyde (~ 6.70%), cinnamyl ester (~ 6.10%), coumarin (~ 3.20%), camphene (~ 1.70%), and other components. These constituents possess phenolic structure and aldehyde and ketone groups that are notably having positive antimicrobial and antiviral effects [24][25][26].…”

“…It was found that CIEO essential oil composed of more than 20 constituents; however, the major constituent in the CIEO was cinnamaldehyde, which identified by GC-MS to be ~ 81% of the oil [24], in addition to benzaldehyde (~ 6.70%), cinnamyl ester (~ 6.10%), coumarin (~ 3.20%), camphene (~ 1.70%), and other components. These constituents possess phenolic structure and aldehyde and ketone groups that are notably having positive antimicrobial and antiviral effects [24][25][26]. On the other hand, they can be promoted the noncovalent interactions via the hydrogen bonding linkages.…”

Effect of thyme essential oil on the properties of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)

“…These halos' diameters can be classified as sensible because they are greater than 20 mm [24] . In the literature, there isn't any report about PBAT antimicrobial activity, and a study conducted by Moraes et al [6] confirmed this property because their neat PBAT films were submitted to an antimicrobial test, and bacteria grew normally without any resistance. Antimicrobial activity was higher in Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria, as observed in this study, due to their structure [25] .…”

“…It's a very interesting material for the packaging sector. Petrochemical in origin, the PBAT has mechanical qualities like low-density polyethylene, including high elongation at break and toughness [6] . Its compatibility, fabricability, and flexibility make it a promising material for a variety of applications, including packaging.…”

“…This will depend on the additive's chemical composition and how it interacts with the polymer matrix. To determine whether essential oils like clove and cinnamon [6] , orange [8] , tea tree [15] , carvacrol, citral and α-terpineol [16] and oregano [17] would affect the physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the polymer, studies utilizing PBAT, and these oils were reported in the literature. Nevertheless, the polymeric PBAT matrix associated with thymol essential oil has not been utilized in any of the research that have been reported in the literature.…”