Development and effectiveness assessment of a Persian-language smartphone application for celiac patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Utilization and Effectiveness of eHealth Technology in the Follow‐up of Celiac Disease

“…Total 811 participants were included in the articles (one study did not report its sample size (28)); four of the eight studies were restricted to adults (24–27), two included both adults and children (23,28), whereas two studies included only children and adolescents (29,30). Of the eight included studies, three examined web-based interventions (23–25), three smartphone applications, (26–28) one a telemedicine (text messaging) intervention (29), and one study examined the use of online consultations (ie, a virtual clinic) (30). Details on the eHealth technologies used in included studies are provided in the Results, Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/MPG/C719 .…”

“…Of these, two studies, one examining a smartphone application (27), and one an interactive online training program (25), reported significantly improved adherence rate in the intervention group compared to baseline measurements and post-intervention controls. Both these studies included adult celiac patient who may had been relatively newly diagnosed (minimum 3-6 months since diagnosis) (25,27). In contrast, Dowd et al (26) examining the effect of a CD selfmanagement application, surprisingly reported that both the intervention group (adult patients with unspecified disease duration) and controls had significantly worsened GFD adherence rate compared to baseline.…”

“…Four studies examined the effect of eHealth on CD and GFD knowledge (23)(24)(25)27). All except one study (27) reported significant improvements in CD and/or GFD knowledge of the intervention groups. Connan et al (23) including children with a dual diagnosis of CD and type 1 diabetes, saw a small but statistically significant improvement on a CD and GFD knowledge test after an E-learning intervention compared to baseline (P value ¼ 0.001); the E-learning intervention seemed particularly effective in knowledge retention and to provide comprehensive and easily accessible information on GFD.…”

“…Five studies (25)(26)(27)29,30) investigated the effects of eHealth interventions on GFD adherence. Of these, two studies, one examining a smartphone application (27), and one an interactive online training program (25), reported significantly improved adherence rate in the intervention group compared to baseline measurements and post-intervention controls. Both these studies included adult celiac patient who may had been relatively newly diagnosed (minimum 3-6 months since diagnosis) (25,27).…”

Smartphone Application for Celiac Patients: Assessing Its Effect on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…Several applications were developed for patients with celiac disease. However, considering that in the field of dietetics, culturally appropriate nutrition guidelines and nutrition therapy recommendations are essential, and owing to the lack of inclusive Persian application for celiac patients that covers all aspects of the GFD, we developed a Persianlanguage application for patients with CD and confirmed its positive effect on patients' knowledge and adherence to the GFD [22]. In the present clinical trial, we aimed to study the effectiveness of a three-month educational intervention delivered via smartphone application compared with standard care on the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) score in patients with celiac disease.…”