Development and evaluation of flow through technique for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in sheep

Jeyathilakan, N.; Basith, S. Abdul; John, Lalitha; Chandran, N. D. J.; Raj, G. Dhinakar

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.03.030

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Cited literature reports that cystic echinococcosis in cattle is an asymptomatic disease [4]. However, clinical signs may vary and depend on the number, size, and severity of cystic lesions, resulting in impaired function of the respective organ [1,15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiography and ultrasonography in the detection of lung and liver cysts in cattle and buffaloes

et al. 2016

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Aim:Echinococcosis is the major cause of lung and liver cysts in ruminants. This study compared usefulness of radiography and ultrasonography (USG) in the detection of lung and/or liver cysts in sick bovine animals. The study also worked out cooccurrence of lung and liver cysts, and whether these cysts were primary cause of sickness or not.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted on 45 sick bovine (37 buffaloes and 8 cattle) suffering from lung and liver cysts. A complete history of illness and clinical examination was carried out. Lateral radiographs of chest and reticular region were taken. In radiographically positive or suspected cases of cysts, USG of the lung and liver region was done. Depending on the location of cyst and clinical manifestations of the animal, the cysts were categorized as primary or secondary causes of sickness.Results:Using either imaging technique, it was observed that 46.7% of the animals had both lung and liver cysts, whereas 33.3% had only lung and 20% had only liver cyst. Cysts were identified as primary cause of sickness in 31.1% animals only. For diagnosing lung cysts, radiography (71.1%) and USG (62.2%) had similar diagnostic utility. However, for detecting liver cysts, USG was the only imaging tool.Conclusion:The lung and liver cysts, depending on their number and size may be a primary cause of sickness in bovine. Radiography and USG are recommended, in combination, as screening tools to rule out echinococcosis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiography and ultrasonography in the detection of lung and liver cysts in cattle and buffaloes

et al. 2016

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“…It is important to establish an inexpensive, accurate immunodiagnostic assay as a monitoring tool for the detection of CE in live animals 17 . The antigen B (8 kDa) from hydatid cyst fluid has high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (over 90%) to detect CE in sheep 18, 19 . However, it is hard to purify and standardise large amounts of natural E. granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an inexpensive, accurate immunodiagnostic assay as a monitoring tool for diagnosis of E. granulosus infection in sheep is necessary 17 . However, relatively little research has been undertaken on development of immunodiagnostic techniques for CE in domesticated animals such as sheep and cattle 18–20 . These assays use natural E. granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigens, which is difficult to purify and standardize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics and Serodiagnostic Potential of Dihydrofolate Reductase from Echinococcus granulosus

Song

Yan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis (CE), a neglected tropical disease that leads to morbidity and mortality in humans and livestock worldwide. Here, we identified and characterized dihydrofolate reductase (Eg-DHFR) from E. granulosus, and evaluated its potential as a diagnostic antigen for sheep CE. Comparison between mammalian (host) DHFR and Eg-DHFR indicates that 45.7% of the 35 active site residues are different. Immunolocalisation analysis showed that native Eg-DHFR was widely distributed in all life-cycle stages of E. granulosus. Recombinant Eg-DHFR (rEg-DHFR) showed typical DHFR enzymatic parameters towards substrate, and was very sensitive to inhibition by methotrexate (IC50 = 27.75 ± 1.03 nM) and aminopterin (IC50 = 63.67 ± 6.76 nM). However, inhibition of DHFR exhibited little protoscolicidal effect in vitro. As there is no reliable method to monitor sheep CE, the immunogenicity of rEg-DHFR was detected, and we developed an indirect ELISA (iELISA) for CE serodiagnosis. The iELISA exhibited diagnostic specificity of 89.58%, diagnostic sensitivity of 95.83%, and the diagnostic accuracy was 91.67% compared with necropsy. Cross-reactivity assay showed analytical specificity of 85.7%. These suggest that rEg-DHFR is an effective antigen for the diagnosis of sheep CE.

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“…Unfortunately, the immunological tests available today are not satisfactory and approaches to the serological diagnosis of CE are still the subject of discussion (Sarkari and Rezaei 2015). Only a few papers are devoted to the use of HCF and its partially purified proteins in the diagnosis of CE in camels (Ibrahem et al 2002) and sheep (Simsek and Koroglu 2004, Gatti et al 2007, Jeyathilakan et al 2011. It is known that the presence of large amounts of host proteins in the HCF significantly interferes with identification of the parasite specific proteins (Chemale et al 2003, Monteiro et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-cross reactive 8 kDa protein was prepared from HCF by DEAE-Sepharose fast flow anion exchange chromatography to develop lateral flow technique for immunodiagnosis of CE in sheep (Jeyathilakan et al 2011). However, to date the value of proteins of protoscoleces and/or its individual components devoid of host antigens for diagnosis of CE in cattle has not been explored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in cattle

Bulashev¹,

Suranshiev²,

Akibekov³

et al. 2017

FOLIA PARASIT

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An IgM murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) was obtained against the excretory-secretory antigen (ES-Ag) of in vitro reared protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786). Western blotting revealed that the MAb recognised a 20.6 kDa protein of this ES-Ag. The MAb was used in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-ELISA) for selective sensitisation of the solid phase with the protoscolex-specific protein from its ES-Ag and somatic antigen (S-Ag) to examine serum samples of 108 cows from a cystic echinococcosis (CE) endemic area for specific antibodies and to compare the results with those from necropsies and an indirect ELISA (i-ELISA). The sensitivity of s-ELISA/ES-Ag, s-ELISA/S-Ag and i-ELISA/S-Ag was 48%, 52% and 62%, respectively. The low sensitivity of the ELISA was probably caused by the fact that 13 cows (62%) were infected with sterile cysts (acephalocysts and/or calcified foci) only. A relatively high specificity (80%) of s-ELISA/ES-Ag was observed in cows with fertile cysts. It also detected antibodies in the serum of two cows that had recovered from the disease according to the necropsy. The i-ELISA/S-Ag gave false results in testing sera from a healthy animal and from a cow with tubercular foci. Further analysis will be necessary to define more precisely the value of this study, because the duration of antibody elimination from the bloodstream of recovered cattle remains unknown. The solution of this problem will increase the specificity of the proposed test in monitoring herbivorous animals for CE.

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Development and evaluation of flow through technique for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in sheep

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Comparison of radiography and ultrasonography in the detection of lung and liver cysts in cattle and buffaloes

Comparison of radiography and ultrasonography in the detection of lung and liver cysts in cattle and buffaloes

Molecular Characteristics and Serodiagnostic Potential of Dihydrofolate Reductase from Echinococcus granulosus

Serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in cattle

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