Development and Evaluation of Microemulsions for Transdermal Delivery of Insulin

Malakar, Jadupati; Sen, Suma Oomen; Nayak, Amit Kumar; Sen, Kalyan Kumar

doi:10.5402/2011/780150

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A magnetic stirrer bar was fitted inside the receptor chamber, which was filled with phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4) as receptor phase medium. A small concentration of sodium azide (0.0025 % w/v) was put into the system to prevent the occurrence of microbial growth [30][31]. The whole system was positioned over a magnetic stirrer at 37±0.7 °C.…”

Section: Ex Vivo Skin Permeation Experiments Of 4 % Lidocaine Hcl Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Cashew Bark Exudate Gum in the Preparation of 4 % Lidocaine HCL Topical Gels

Hasnain

Rishishwar

Ali

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: The objective of the current work was to prepare and evaluate ex vivo skin permeation of cashew bark exudate gum based 4 % lidocaine HCl topical gels.Methods: In the current work, 4 % lidocaine HCl topical gels were prepared by using different concentrations of cashew bark exudate gum, HPMC K4M, lidocaine HCl, methyl paraben (as preservative) and glycerin (as plasticizer). The formulated topical gels were evaluated for pH, viscosity, and ex vivo skin permeation through excised porcine ear skin membrane. Results:The pHs of these formulated 4 % lidocaine HCl topical gels were found within the range of 6.04±0.02 to 6.52±0.04; whereas, the viscosities were measured within the range, 4.38±0.02 x 10 6 to 4.74±0.04 x 10 6 cps. Sustained ex vivo permeation of lidocaine was measured over 7 h. Highest ex vivo permeation flux was measured when 0.1 % menthol was incorporated as a permeation enhancer. It was also higher than that of the marketed 4 % lidocaine HCl topical gel. The stability study by freeze thaw cycle method revealed physically stable gels without the occurrence of syneresis. Conclusion:The results clearly indicate a promising potential of the use of cashew bark exudate gum as a gelling material with HPMC K4M to prepare 4 % lidocaine HCl topical gels of good skin permeation capability.

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Section: Ex Vivo Skin Permeation Experiments Of 4 % Lidocaine Hcl Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Cashew Bark Exudate Gum in the Preparation of 4 % Lidocaine HCL Topical Gels

Hasnain

Rishishwar

Ali

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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“…In addition, several previous studies showed the benefits of MEs vehicle as an enhancer in dermal delivery. [20][21][22][23] The content of S/C mixture in ME samples affected the skin permeation rate of HQ significantly. As the content of S + C mixture was decreased from 85% to 35% at S/C = 3 (Km = 3), the skin permeation rate of HQ increased by 4-fold (ME-HQ-2).…”

Section: Characterization Of Hq Mesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Salimi¹

2017

AJP

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Introduction: Hydroquinone (HQ), a famous anti-hyperpigmentation agent, suffers from several weaknesses such as instability due to rapid oxidation and insufficient skin penetration because of the hydrophilic structure. The aim of this research was to formulate, characterize and evaluation of in vitro skin permeability of HQ-loaded microemulsion (ME). Methods: HQ MEs were prepared by pseudoternary phase diagram method, the appropriate ratios of oil, s/c mixture, and water were chosen, and full factorial design was used with three variables at two levels for preparing eight formulations. The prepared MEs were evaluated regarding their droplet size, viscosity, pH, differential scanning calorimetry, stability, in vitro drug release, and in vitro skin permeability. Results and Discussion:The results showed that the mean droplet size range of ME samples was in the range of 7.05-79.56 nm and pH was 5.3-5.7, respectively. Viscosity range of MEs was 109-195 cps. Drug release profile showed that 90.51% of the drug released (ME-HQ-8) in the 24 h of the experiment. The kinetics of drug release from all selected MEs were approximately described by Higuchi model and showed prolonged release when compared to HQ solution. All ME formulations with different compositions and properties significantly increased flux and permeability coefficient from rat skin. J ss and Papp parameters in ME-HQ-2 formulation were 0.404 mg/cm 2 h, 0.02 cm/h, and 4 times higher than those of control, respectively. The selective MEs have 99.9% HQ amount after 6 months storage. They have visually cleared and no any color changes, thus HQ MEs can could been protect drug for a long time without antioxidant. Conclusion: The present research established that the amount of components of water, oil, and S + C in ME formulation plays an important role in the physicochemical properties and permeability parameters. This study showed that any change in content and composition of MEs could be changed physicochemical properties and permeability parameters during drug permeation from ME samples. The studied MEs increased permeation rate and permeability coefficient through rat skin. Our results were showed that ME formulation could not be increase diffusivity of HQ in stratum corneum.

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“…The later possibility has high probability taking into consideration the nature of the main components of the tested microemulsion systems. For example oleic acid was shown to exert skin penetration enhancing effect for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic dugs from microemulsions (El Maghraby, 2012a;Malakar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal delivery of kojic acid from microemulgel

Nagar¹,

Mahdy²,

Selem³

et al. 2016

J App Pharm Sci

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The aim of this study was to develop microemulgel for skin delivery of kojic acid. Microemulsions (ME) containing either oleic acid (OA) or caprylic/capric triglycerides as the basic oily components were developed after construction of pseudoternary phase diagrams. Tween 80 was used as surfactant for oleic acid system both in presence and absence of ethanol or propylene glycol (PG) as cosurfactants. For the caprylic/capric systems, Tween 85 was the surfactant in presence or absence of ethanol as cosurfactant. Selected ME formulations were tested for transdermal delivery of kojic acid both in fluid state and after transformation into gel. Incorporation of cosurfactants expanded the microemulsion zone. The cosurfactant free ME were more viscous. Incorporation of kojic acid in ME systems increased the transdermal flux compared to saturated aqueous solution. caprylic/capric ME were more efficient than (OA) based ME. Transformation of the tested ME systems into gel produced significant enhancement in transdermal drug delivery compared with the saturated aqueous drug solution. However, the data revealed superior efficacy for the fluid ME systems over the corresponding microemulgel. In conclusion, both (OA) and caprylic/capric ME were promising for dermal and transdermal delivery of kojic acid even after gel formation.

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Development and Evaluation of Microemulsions for Transdermal Delivery of Insulin

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Use of Cashew Bark Exudate Gum in the Preparation of 4 % Lidocaine HCL Topical Gels

Use of Cashew Bark Exudate Gum in the Preparation of 4 % Lidocaine HCL Topical Gels

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Transdermal delivery of kojic acid from microemulgel

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