Development and Evidence of the Validity of the Condom Use Attitudes Scale for Youth and Adults in a Chilean Context

Abstract

Condom use is the most effective preventive behavior against HIV transmission, and its inadequate use is a public health problem that occurs mostly among youth and young adults. Although there are scales that measure condom use, those that exist correspond to English-speaking developments or do not have psychometric evidence to support them, so it is possible that the available adaptations of instruments do not adequately reflect the phenomenon in the Chilean population. Thus, the study aims to develop a scale to assess attitudes toward condom use in Chilean youth and young adults. Initially, a sample of students between 18 and 39 years (n = 520) was used for debugging the instrument. Then, a second sample was taken from the general population aged 18 to 40 (n = 992) to confirm the factor structure of the proposed model. The final scale has 10 items and 3 attitudinal dimensions (affective, cognitive, and behavioral). The results show that the identified structure provides adequate levels (ω > 0.7) or at least sufficient of reliability (ω > 0.6) and presents evidence of validity, based on the internal structure of the test, through ESEM (CFI = 0.993; TLI = 0.984; RMSEA = 0.056). In addition, evidence of validity was obtained based on the relationship with other variables and strong invariance between the scores of men and women. It is concluded that the scale developed has adequate psychometric properties to assess, in brief form, condom use attitudes in equal samples for research and screening purposes.

Factors influencing Chinese public attitudes toward farm animal welfare

“…The cognitive component of an attitude is defined as an individual's mental conceptualization of the object or their thoughts and beliefs about the object. The behavioral component of an attitude refers to the way of acting that allows making evaluations about the attitudinal object, such as intended behavior toward the attitude object (Zanna and Rempel, 1988 ; Eagly and Chaiken, 1993 ; Krischler and Pit-ten Cate, 2019 ; Ferrer-Urbina et al, 2021 ). In the current study, the three-dimensional model of an attitude was applied to assess the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of the Chinese public attitudes toward farm animal welfare.…”

“…However, attitude is widely considered to be a multidimensional concept, consisting of affective attitude, behavioral attitude, and cognitive attitude (Rosenberg and Hovland, 1960 ; Eagly and Chaiken, 1993 ). Therefore, to accurately describe the Chinese public attitudes toward farm animal welfare, an appropriate multidimensional investigation and measurement of attitude are required (Ferrer-Urbina et al, 2021 ; Giménez-Espert et al, 2021 ).…”

Psychological Factors and Sexual Risk Behaviors: A Multidimensional Model Based on the Chilean Population

“…The statements referred to negative attitudes/behaviors toward condom use; therefore, high scores suggest an unfavorable attitude toward condom use. The scale presented evidence of validity based on an internal test–retest structure and adequate levels of reliability [ 44 ].…”

Scale of sensitivity to bullshit: Development and evidence of validity in adult population

“…The items are phrases that evidence distrust of science, government organizations and the press and can be answered on a Likert scale of up to 5 points (1 = Never; 5 = Always). This scale has adequate levels of reliability in chilean population (Ferrer et al, in press 20 ).…”