Development and experimental verification of a 5 kW small wind turbine aeroelastic model

Evans, Samuel P.; Bradney, David; Clausen, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2018.08.011

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Full details of this publically available FAST model can be found in [23]. The development & experimental verification of this aeroelastic FAST model are in accordance with the methodology in [24,25].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 94%

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

Whale

Evans

et al. 2020

Renewable Energy

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This paper investigates the operation and loading of a 5 kW HAWT using the aeroelastic code FAST. Wind data from built environment site at Port Kennedy (PK) and from a flat terrain site in Östergarnsholm (OG), are analysed and compared with IEC 61400-2. The longitudinal turbulence intensity (TI u ) in the PK wind field was 22%; which was higher than the estimated value in IEC 61400-2 Normal Turbulence Model. The TI in the flat terrain (OG) was below 18% for all mean wind speeds. The selected wind conditions from the two locations were used as input in FAST simulation to investigate the performance and loading of the turbine. The elevated turbulence in PK wind fields increased the output rotor power which was more than that predicted by the standard. Similarly, PK wind field also showed higher blade root flapwise bending moment resulting into twice as much damage load on the turbine blades due to large short-term fluctuations in both wind speed and direction. This value for OG was below the standard's prediction. We observe that the current IEC standard seems inadequate for urban siting of SWTs and requires modification for more reliable deployment in turbulent sites.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 94%

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

Whale

Evans

et al. 2020

Renewable Energy

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“…The Skystream wind turbine has been recently used for the estimation of tower loads by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). 9 The Aerogenesis 5-kW turbine model development is documented in previous works 15,16 and is publicly available online 1 . The NREL small wind research turbine (SWRT) is essentially a Bergey EXCEL 10-kW machine that has been modified and instrumented to facilitate experimental work.…”

Section: Wind Turbine Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple method for modelling fatigue spectra of small wind turbine blades

et al. 2020

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Small‐scale wind turbines have market opportunities in distributed energy generation applications but face future challenges in remaining cost competitive compared with solar photovoltaic systems. High unit costs can be attributed to design conservatism when calculating fatigue loads of key structural components such as the blades. In this study, we use the aeroelastic software FAST to highlight limitations of the International Electrotechnical Commission 61400‐2:2013 small wind turbine design standard for calculating fatigue life using the simplified load model. We present a modified method for calculating the fatigue spectra of small wind turbine blades. An advantage of this method is that it does not require complex aeroelastic simulations or field measurements. This modified method is intended to be implemented early in the blade design stage, such as during rotor optimization simulations, allowing for multiple rotor configurations to be rapidly compared.

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“…A higher angular speed and lower induced torque are found on the output shaft at the starting stage for the variable magnetic flux case. As shown in Equation (18), the magnetic flux is controlled within the acceptable range; thus, the output shaft's angular speed will increase slowly to a stable value. As compared to the constant magnetic flux, the variable magnetic flux allows the system to operate in a stable state with lower angular speed and higher output torque.…”

Section: Magnetic Flux Control and Power Flow Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To accurately estimate the influence of the wind condition in the urban area, Carbo Molina et al [17] developed the tunnel test for VAWTs in the turbulent flows. Using the aeroelastic model, Evans et al [18] analyzed the horizontal-axis wind turbine of 5 kW. Compared to VAWTs, HAWTs are more sensitive to wind fluctuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Flow Analysis on the Dual Input Transmission Mechanism of Small Wind Turbine Systems

et al. 2020

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A parallel planetary gear train design is proposed to construct the wind turbine system that has double inputs and one output. The proposed system is flexible for the application, which may use a combination of two rotors, as used for horizontal axis or vertical axis wind turbines. The proposed transmission mechanism merges the dual time varied input wind powers to a synchronous generator. The effect of the gear train parameters on the dynamic power flow variation is modeled and simulated for the proposed wind turbine system. Results indicate the proposed planetary gear train system is a feasible and efficient design for its application to wind turbine systems. The dynamic torque equilibrium equations between meshed gear pairs are employed to analyze the dynamic power flow. The nonlinear behavior of a synchronous generator is also included in the modeling. The dynamic responses of the dual input transmission mechanism are simulated using the 4th order Runge–Kutta method. The study also investigates the effect of system parameters used in this wind turbine system (i.e., the wind speed, the magnetic flux synchronous generator, and the inertia of flywheels) on variations in electrical power output.

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Development and experimental verification of a 5 kW small wind turbine aeroelastic model

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

A simple method for modelling fatigue spectra of small wind turbine blades

Power Flow Analysis on the Dual Input Transmission Mechanism of Small Wind Turbine Systems

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Development and experimental verification of a 5 kW small wind turbine aeroelastic model

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

An investigation of the impact of wind speed and turbulence on small wind turbine operation and fatigue loads

A simple method for modelling fatigue spectra of small wind turbine blades

Power Flow Analysis on the Dual Input Transmission Mechanism of Small Wind Turbine Systems

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Development and experimental verification of a 5 kW small wind turbine aeroelastic model