Development and Mechanistic Studies of Ternary Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production from Water Splitting to Yield Sustainable/Green Energy and Environmental Remediation

Abstract

Photocatalysts lead vitally to water purifications and decarbonise environment each by wastewater treatment and hydrogen (H2) production as a renewable energy source from water-photolysis. This work deals with the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and H2 production by novel silver-nanoparticle (AgNPs) based ternary-nanocomposites of thiolated reduce-graphene oxide graphitic carbon nitride (AgNPs-S-rGO2%@g-C3N4) material. Herein, the optimised balanced ratio of thiolated reduce-graphene oxide in prepared ternary-nanocomposites played matchlessly to enhance activity by increasing the charge carriers’ movements via slowing down charge-recombination ratios. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO), >2 wt.% or <2 wt.%, rendered H2 production by light-shielding effect. As a result, CIP degradation was enhanced to 95.90% by AgNPs-S-rGO2%@g-C3N4 under the optimised pH(6) and catalyst dosage(25 mg/L) irradiating beneath visible-light (450 nm, 150 watts) for 70 min. The chemical and morphological analysis of AgNPs-S-rGO2%@g-C3N4 surface also supported the possible role of thiolation for this enhancement, assisted by surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs having size < 10 nm. Therefore, AgNPs-S-rGO2%@g-C3N4 has 3772.5 μmolg−1 h−1 H2 production, which is 6.43-fold higher than g-C3N4 having cyclic stability of 96% even after four consecutive cycles. The proposed mechanism for AgNPs-S-rGO2%@g-C3N4 revealed that the photo-excited electrons in the conduction-band of g-C3N4 react with the adhered water moieties to generate H2.

Indoor Air Photocatalytic Decontamination by UV–Vis Activated CuS/SnO2/WO3 Heterostructure

“…The kinetic evaluation was performed using the simplified Langmuir-Hinshelwood mathematical Equation ( 6), [64]:…”

Impact of Polymers on Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Systems

“…For hydrogen production, numerous kinds of technologies are executed to produce the hydrogen in feasible ways [9][10][11][12]. Hydrogen production from renewable energy sources can be considered an efficient technique (such as electrolysis/photocatalytic of water splitting) because of its high purity and hydrogen production without any harmful emissions [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The produced hydrogen can be stored in the gaseous, liquid and solid states [7,20].…”