Development and Morphology of Rat Synovial Membrane

Stofft, E; Effendy, W.

doi:10.1159/000145939

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Previous investigations of the rat knee joint found that both type A and B cells could be identified at E20, when the articular cavity formation was already completed (Stofft and Effendy, 1985). In the current study, we first detected type B cells with Hsp25‐immunoreaction in the rat TMJ at E19, when the articular cavity formation had not yet begun, indicating a time lag for the appearance of the synovial lining cells between the TMJ and other systemic joints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Development of the synovial membrane in the rat temporomandibular joint as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry for heat shock protein 25

et al. 2004

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The synovial lining layer of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of macrophage-like type A cells and fibroblastlike type B cells. Until now, little information has been available on the development of the synovial membrane in TMJ. In the present study we examined the development of the synovial lining layer in the rat TMJ by light-and electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry for heat shock protein (Hsp) 25, which is a useful marker for type B cells. At embryonic day 19 (E19), a few Hsp25-positive cells first appeared in the upper portion of the developing condyle. During the formation of the upper articular cavity (E21 to postnatal day 1 (P1)), a few positive cells were arranged on its surface. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that these cells had ultrastructural features of fibroblast-like type B cells. In addition, some Hsp25-positive cells moved to the deep portion by extending their cytoplasmic processes toward the articular cavity at P3. At that time, the presence of typical macrophage-like type A cells in the lining layer was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. The slender processes of Hsp25-positive cells showed a continuous covering with the synovial surface at P7, followed by a drastic increase in the Hsp25-positive cells at P15 and later, when active jaw movement occurred. These findings suggested that the arrangement and morphological maturation of type B cells are closely related to the formation of the articular cavity in the embryonic period and the commencement of active jaw movement after birth, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Development of the synovial membrane in the rat temporomandibular joint as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry for heat shock protein 25

et al. 2004

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“…The role and existence of a basal lamina of the synovium separating the intima from the subintima is widely discussed and still a matter of controversy. Most authors agree that there is no real basal lamina in the synovium (Lever & Ford;Barland et al, 1962;Stofft & Effendy, 1985;Mapp & Revell, 1988, Pollock et al, 1990. To our knowledge bursa tissue has not been investigated so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Immunohistochemical Characterization of Human Synovial Bursa Cells by Light and Transmission Electron Microscopy: Where do These Cells Come From?

2007

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SUMMARY:In the present study human synovial bursa specimens were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. For light microscopical investigation the bursa tissue was stained with azan, haematoxylin-eosin and monoclonal antibodies (CD14, CD33, CD36, CD68, laminin). For electron microscopical investigation the bursa specimens were fixated with Karnovsky's solution and 1,5% osmium tetroxide (OsO 4 ) in water distilled and contrasted with 5% uranylacetate and embedded in Epon®.For the first time the antigenic phenotype was characterized and conclusions were drawn about the origin of the synovial bursa cells. Histologically the bursa was divided in two distinct layers; the intima, which is formed by a lining layer and a lamina propria, and a subintimal layer. The intima consisted of macrophage like (type I) and fibroblast like cells (type II). According to the immunohistochemical staining and the electron microscopy the type I cell seemed to be a bone marrow derived monocyte and the more frequently seen type II cell was derived from subintimal fibroblasts. The intimal bursa cell frequently interdigitated and usually communicated by their filopodia (indirect cell-cell-communication). Neither tight or gap junctions nor desmosomes could be documented.Although there was no evidence for the existence of a basal lamina, a concentration of extracellular matrix components beyond the bursa cells was observed. In our study there was no accumulation of laminin around the bursal cells, but striking was a vascular bundle of the intima subintima border zone, which was positive for laminin and CD68 and separated the intima from the subintima. In our opinion this histological structure plays an important role in the regeneration of the lining cells and acts like a barrier between bursa and blood.

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“…Its structure is generally that of connective tissues but the cells, which form a monolayer or a mUltilayer cover, differ from the other cells of connective tissue in morphology and function. The synovial membrane arises from the original skeletal blastema during development (Andersen 1964;Stoff and Effendy 1985). The cells covering the synovial membrane surface' ate regarded as modified mesothelial cells even though they do not produce a continuous layer and are not interconnected by intercellular bridges such as desmo-· somes or zonulae occludentes, etc.…”

Section: ' Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submicroscopic Structure of Synovial Membrane in the Adult Pig

Horký¹

1991

Acta Vet. Brno

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Acta vet. Bmo 60,1991: 3-13.The synovial membrane of adult pigs was investigated. Samples were obtained from hip joints of pigs of both sexes at 15 to 24 months after birth. The tissues were processed in the routine manner to be examined by light and transmission electron microscopy.The synovial membrane in adult pigs involved two types of synovialocytes, A and B, which were arranged on its surface in 2 to 3 layers. Type A cells near the surface presented as single cells while B cells formed small clusters. These contained. apart from typical fully differentiated cell types, also transient A-B types which had all characteristics of A cells together with bodies corresponding in size and appearance to secretory granules of B cells. The cytoplasm of both A and B cells showed the presence of intracytoplasmic filaments. Type A cells had the basal membrane while in type B cells this was absent.Near the membrane surface the fibrillar component of synovial matrix consisted of collagen fibrils which, in areas penetrated with synovialocyte projections, were unmasked and protruded into the articular cavity. In surface layers, aperiodic filaments were prevailing while towards deeper layers increasing numbers of typical collagen fibrils running in various directions were observed. Aperiodic collagen fibrils penetrating through the B-cell membrane were seen repeatedly. When approaching the cell membrane they attained a periodic appearance. SynOfJial membrane, A, B, A-B synOfJialocytes, matrix synuvialisThe synovial membrane plays a major role in both physiology and pathology of the joint. This has been a reason for thorough studies of its building units, i.e. cells and intercellular matter. Even though these building elements have been investigated for nearly 250 years (Hunter 1743 -see Ghadially 1983), the information is still incomplete. At first attention was given to the synovial membrane of adults in experiments with mammalian animal species and later in man. Many authors have studied and described the microscopic structure of synovial membrane under physiologic, experimental and pathologic conditions (for review see Horky 1981; Ghadially 1982). The present trend, which is to gain a deeper insight into its structure and particularly into the development of its functions in relation to advancing differentiation, makes the use of young unmature animals including embryos (for review see Horky 1984.The submicroscopic structure, histochemical and cytochemical properties, and immunohistochemical characteristics have been reported under physiologic and pathologic conditions in different mammalian and avian species (Langer and Huth 1960; Barland et a1.1962;Cutlip and Cheville 1973;Horky et a!. 1975;Fell et al. 1976; Linek and Porte 1978; Horky 1981 Horky , 1984Ghadially 1982; Okada etal. 1981; Tofft and Ef'fendy 1985; Karatzias et al. 1986; Gaines et a1. 1987;Itokazu et al. 1988;Lukoschek et al. 1988) and others. These observations revealed the presence of two types of synovial cells in the synovial membrane of all the species...

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Development and Morphology of Rat Synovial Membrane

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Development of the synovial membrane in the rat temporomandibular joint as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry for heat shock protein 25

Development of the synovial membrane in the rat temporomandibular joint as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry for heat shock protein 25

Immunohistochemical Characterization of Human Synovial Bursa Cells by Light and Transmission Electron Microscopy: Where do These Cells Come From?

Submicroscopic Structure of Synovial Membrane in the Adult Pig

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