Development and Optimization of Attapulgite Clay Based Microencapsulation for Lactic Acid Bacteria by Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), screened and purified from the fermented yogurt, were microencapsulated in sodium alginate (SA) and attapulgite composite microcapsules by external gelation to increase their viability and stability. Surface characterization by scanning electron microscope clearly evidenced a high number of the LAB embedded in SA/attapulgite composite microcapsules than SA counterparts due to a more cohesive structure, and biocompatible microenvironment. SA/attapulgite and CaCl2/attapulgite composites analysis revealed a better embedding effect of attapulgite blend with SA solvent compared with attapulgite mixed with CaCl2. Influence of three major factors including SA, calcium chloride, and attapulgite concentration on LAB embedding rate were optimized by “single factor strategy” as well as response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal conditions of these factors obtained by RSM were SA (1.03 %), Attapulgite (0.28 %), and CaCl2 concentration (1.17 %). The related embedding rate was predicted as 87.1369 %, and the actual measured value was 91.24 % by experiments using the optimal conditions. In conclusion, the results revealed that LAB microencapsulation in the SA and attapulgite composite might display noteworthy protection against the gastrointestinal environment.

Emulsion/Cross-Linking Encapsulation of Bacillus in Starch/PVA-Based Microparticles for Agricultural Applications

“…The latter could have sheltered the bacteria, leading to a high number of viable cells in this microparticle after the encapsulation procedure. Furthermore, the attraction of microorganisms to ionic materials such as MMT could also have contributed to the observed results . It could be noticed that the number of viable cells in both microparticles was higher than that added at the beginning of the procedure (free bacteria, with 9.75 log 10 CFU mL –1 ).…”

“…Furthermore, the attraction of microorganisms to ionic materials such as MMT could also have contributed to the observed results. 38 It could be noticed that the number of viable cells in both microparticles was higher than that added at the beginning of the procedure (free bacteria, with 9.75 log 10 CFU mL −1 ). This could be related to the use of starch as a carbon source by the bacteria during the drying step, as the temperature and time used were suitable for their proliferation.…”

Research on Hydrocyclone Separation of Palygorskite Clay

“…The unique layered chain structure of palygorskite makes it have special physical and chemical properties, such as catalytic, rheological, adsorbability, and carrier qualities [2][3][4][5][6]. At present, palygorskite has been widely used in many fields, including the petroleum, chemical, food, medicine, and agriculture industries [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Palygorskite is widely used and has high economic value, but the purity of palygorskite in natural ore is low and needs to be separated to increase its purity.…”

Effect of culturing lactic acid bacteria with varying skim milk concentration on bacteria survival during heat treatment

“…Therefore, it is crucial to establish large-scale production for probiotic products that contain adequate levels of viable cells with well retained functionalities. In such products, the stress tolerance of bacteria is a key factor determining their ability to adapt to the challenging environment during processing, storage, and then digestion in human bodies (Hussain et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2019). Among the different stresses that exert on LAB cells during food processing, the ability of cells to tolerate thermal stress is often a key criterion, which could be attributed to two considerations.…”