Development and performance analysis of PCL/silica nanocomposites for bone regeneration

Calandrelli, Luigi; Annunziata, Marco; Ragione, Fulvio Della; Laurienzo, Paola; Malinconico, Mario; Oliva, Adriana

doi:10.1007/s10856-010-4156-8

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the design of synthesizing these biocomposites, we do not intend to create biomaterials to replace PLA or PLGA/HA biocomposites for bone repair and regeneration [20, 21], for our biomaterials are designed to be flexible and thus have lower moduli and strengths than those based on PLA or PLGA. Rather, we designed the biomaterials to complement PLA or PLGA/HA biocomposites with applications that they fail to provide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy allowed us to create a wide range of the biocomposties with remarkable degradation rates, particularly when we used a co-monomer, methacrylic acid, in the synthesis. However, the substantial reduction in pH during degradation, which resulted from the acidic by-products of the cross-linker [5, 6, 20, 21], posed a barrier for such biocomposites to be used in clinical trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome the reduction in pH during degradation, which is common to most biocomposites used for bone tissue engineering [6, 20, 21], we recently concentrated our efforts to create biodegradable, flexible biomaterials comprising pHEMA hydrogels and biphasic bioceramic hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (60/40) using a cross-linker, N,O -dimethacryloyl hydroxylamine (DMHA) which was synthesized in our laboratory. This cross-linker has been reported to degrade hydrolytically when the pH exceeds 6.5 [22–24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocomposites of pHEMA with HA/β-TCP (60/40) for bone tissue engineering: Swelling, hydrolytic degradation, and in vitro behavior

Huang

Ten

Liu

et al. 2013

Polymer

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The field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering has a pressing need for novel, biocompatible, biodegradable biocomposites comprising polymers with bioceramics or bioglasses to meet numerous requirements for these applications. We created hydrolytically degradable hydrogel/bioceramic biocomposites, comprising poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogels and 50 wt% biphasic hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (60/40) through in situ polymerization. The hydrolytic degradation starts with hydrolysis of the cross-linker, N, O-dimethacryloyl hydroxylamine, which was synthesized in house. Swelling and degradation were examined in details at a phosphate buffered saline solution at 37 °C over a 12-week period of time. To vary degradability, a co-monomer, acrylic acid (AA) or 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA), was introduced, coupled with altering the concentration of the cross-linker and of the bioceramic. The co-monomer HPMA was found to be more effective than AA in enhancing degradation, though AA led to greater swelling ratios. 33% of weight loss was achieved in some of the biocomposites containing HPMA. Porous structures were developed during swelling and degradation in biocomposites with AA but not in those containing HPMA, suggesting different degradation mechanisms: bulk erosion vs. bulk degradation. Good biocompatibility, as evidenced by attachment and proliferation of mouse-derived osteoblast precursor cells from the MC3T3-E1 lineage, was observed on these biomaterials, regardless of the type of the co-monomer. The rationale and approaches employed here open up new opportunities for creating novel, complex organic-inorganic biomaterials in orthopedic tissue engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocomposites of pHEMA with HA/β-TCP (60/40) for bone tissue engineering: Swelling, hydrolytic degradation, and in vitro behavior

Huang

Ten

Liu

et al. 2013

Polymer

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“…Because of the elastomeric nature of these biocomposites, they can be cut, bent, and machined into various shapes suitable for low and medium load bearing applications. However, these biomaterials are not degradable, limiting their usefulness in bone repair and replacement [6, 9, 13, 16, 25]. In certain applications, such as delivery of bone–morphogenetic proteins and antibiotics for bone repair, biomaterials are typically required to be biodegradable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinatorial design of hydrolytically degradable, bone-like biocomposites based on PHEMA and hydroxyapatite

Huang

Zhao

Dangaria

et al. 2013

Polymer

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With advantages such as design flexibility in modifying degradation, surface chemistry, and topography, synthetic bone–graft substitutes are increasingly demanded in orthopedic tissue engineering to meet various requirements in the growing numbers of cases of skeletal impairment worldwide. Using a combinatorial approach, we developed a series of biocompatible, hydrolytically degradable, elastomeric, bone–like biocomposites, comprising 60 wt% poly(2–hydroxyethyl methacrylate–co–methacrylic acid), poly(HEMA–co–MA), and 40 wt% bioceramic hydroxyapatite (HA). Hydrolytic degradation of the biocomposites is rendered by a degradable macromer/crosslinker, dimethacrylated poly(lactide–b–ethylene glycol–b–lactide), which first degrades to break up 3–D hydrogel networks, followed by dissolution of linear pHEMA macromolecules and bioceramic particles. Swelling and degradation were examined at Hank’s balanced salt solution at 37 °C in a 12–week period of time. The degradation is strongly modulated by altering the concentration of the co–monomer of methacrylic acid and of the macromer, and chain length/molecular weight of the macromer. 95% weight loss in mass is achieved after degradation for 12 weeks in a composition consisting of HEMA/MA/Macromer = 0/60/40, while 90% weight loss is seen after degradation only for 4 weeks in a composition composed of HEMA/MA/Macromer = 27/13/60 using a longer chain macromer. For compositions without a co–monomer, only about 14% is achieved in weight loss after 12–week degradation. These novel biomaterials offer numerous possibilities as drug delivery carriers and bone grafts particularly for low and medium load–bearing applications.

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“…The bone ECM consists of an organic–inorganic nanocomposite in which type I collagen fibrils and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA)‐like particles are intimately combined 5. Biomaterials in the form of nanoparticles, nanofibers, and nanocomposites have been receiving increasing attention for bone repair applications in an attempt to mimic the physical structure of the inorganic HA‐like phase of bone 6–8. In addition, biomaterials have been developed to mimic the collagen fibrils using processing techniques such as electrospinning, phase separation, and self‐assembly 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of electrospun gelatin‐bioactive glass hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration

Gao

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Organic-inorganic hybrid materials, composed of phases that interact on a nanoscale and a microstructure that mimics the extracellular matrix, can potentially provide attractive scaffolds for bone regeneration. In the present study, hybrid scaffolds of gelatin and bioactive glass (BG) with a fibrous microstructure were prepared by a combined sol-gel and electrospinning technique and evaluated in vitro. Structural and chemical analyses showed that the fibers consisted of gelatin and BG that were covalently linked by 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to form a homogeneous phase. Immersion of the gelatin-BG hybrid scaffolds in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 C resulted in the formation of a hydroxyapatite (HA)-like material on the surface of the fibers within 12 h, showing the bioactivity of the scaffolds. After 5 days in SBF, the surface of the hybrid scaffolds was completely covered with an HA-like layer. The gelatin-BG hybrid scaffolds had a tensile strength of 4.3 6 1.2 MPa and an elongation to failure of 168 6 14%, compared to values of 0.5 6 0.2 MPa and 63 6 2% for gelatin scaffolds with a similar microstructure. The hybrid scaffolds supported the proliferation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization during in vitro culture, showing their biocompatibility. The results indicate that these gelatin-BG hybrid scaffolds prepared by a combination of sol-gel processing and electrospinning have potential for application in bone regeneration.

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Development and performance analysis of PCL/silica nanocomposites for bone regeneration

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Biocomposites of pHEMA with HA/β-TCP (60/40) for bone tissue engineering: Swelling, hydrolytic degradation, and in vitro behavior

Biocomposites of pHEMA with HA/β-TCP (60/40) for bone tissue engineering: Swelling, hydrolytic degradation, and in vitro behavior

Combinatorial design of hydrolytically degradable, bone-like biocomposites based on PHEMA and hydroxyapatite

In vitro evaluation of electrospun gelatin‐bioactive glass hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration

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