Development and Performance of the Portable Skid Resistance Tester

Giles, C G; Sabey, B E; Cardew, K H

doi:10.5254/1.3535703

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…6). This device was originally designed by the Road Research Laboratory [29] as an easily-transported static device to make spotchecks on road surfaces, and is widely used throughout the world; a European standard exists to specify the test conditions [30]. It contains, at the end of its articulated arm, a rubber pad that slides on the surface to be measured.…”

Section: Friction Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dry deposited particles on the tire/road friction

Hichri¹,

Cerezo²,

Do³

2017

Wear

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Road accidents increase during the first rain after a long dry period. It is widely accepted that the tire traction loss is due to fine particles accumulated on the road surface. Yet, the involved mechanisms at the tire/road interface are not clearly understood. This paper deals with the particle-induced lubrication on dry road. Tests are performed in laboratory. Sediments are extracted from a catchment area which collects runoff water. The process of extracting particles from sediments in laboratory by drying and sieving is described. Particles are separated into fractions characterized by their chemical composition and size distribution. Protocol to simulate the process of particles' build-up on the road surface is described. The effect of the particle's size and concentration is studied. Surfaces representative of real road surface textures are tested. Friction tests are conducted using the Skid Resistance Tester, which is widely used to assess friction characteristics of road surfaces. Samples are weighed before and after each friction run. On a surface initially covered by a compacted particle layer, successive friction runs are performed, without resupplying particles, to follow the evolution of the friction coefficient with the particle depletion. Friction drops significantly when a surface is covered by particles. Successive runs induce an increase of the friction coefficient until reaching a stable value which is still lower than that of a clean surface. Particles are considered as third bodies introduced artificially in the interface between the friction slider and the test sample. Analysis of particles' flows (particles trapped and ejected), through particles' mass extracted from weighing, helps to explain the friction variation. Assuming that friction is governed by the surface fraction (X) covered by particles, a model was developed. The calculated friction coefficient is a weighted sum of friction coefficients when the surface is respectively clean (X = 0) and fully covered by particles (X = 1). It was found that the surface fraction can be expressed as a function of the ratio of available particles' mass to initial particles' mass. Comparisons between model and experiment are satisfactory. Discussions are made in terms of interactions between surface textures and particles' size and concentration.

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Section: Friction Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dry deposited particles on the tire/road friction

Hichri¹,

Cerezo²,

Do³

2017

Wear

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“…Dahir and Meyer (1974) report that temperature correction factors have a negligible effect on skid numbers claiming they are on the order of 0.2% per degrees Fahrenheit. Giles, et al (1962) recommend that, although temperature is important in the resilience of rubber, corrections to skid number due to temperature are not needed until temperatures reach below 50F (10C). However, Jayawickrama and Thomas (1998) recommend applying an end-of-season correction factor to skid numbers that takes into account temperature, amount of rainfall, and time of year.…”

Section: Seasonal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the additional information that is suggested to be noted are tire inflation pressure to keep the effective radius constant, rubber or tire material (synthetic or natural), operation mode, operator, speed, temperature, surface contamination, water film thickness (or feed rate), lateral position of test wheel, and surface properties (Hegmon et al, 1973;Kummer and Meyer, 1962). Additionally, pavement contamination from grease and oil drippings may reduce skid resistance, although this aspect has been debated (Jayawickrama and Thomas, 1998 (Giles et al, 1962). The BPT measures the coefficient of friction for a given surface and is reported as coefficient of friction multiplied by 100.…”

Section: Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frictional Resistance of Aggregates for Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavements

O'Brien¹,

Haddock²

2004

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“…Casualty and fatality in car accidents highly depend on road condition. Statistically, probability of accidents is two to three times more when roads are wet [4][5][6][7][8]. erefore, investigations to study the rubber tread properties at frequencies corresponding to the rubber wet friction are highly supported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a New Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) System for Testing Viscoelastic Materials at High Frequencies

Esmaeeli

Aliniagerdroudbari

Hashemi

et al. 2019

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

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The aim of this study is to design a new dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurement system that can operate for shear tests at frequencies as high as 10 kHz with strain amplitudes sufficient for viscoelastic materials operating in high-frequency deformation applications, such as tire rubbers. The available DMA systems in market cannot effectively operate for accurate and direct measurement of viscoelastic material properties for applications dealing with high-frequency deformation of materials. Due to this, the available DMA systems are used for indirect measurements at low frequencies and low temperatures, followed by using time-temperature superposition principle to predict the properties at high frequencies. The goal of this study is to make the range of the test broad enough to eliminate the use of the time-temperature superposition principle in the determination of properties of viscoelastic materials. Direct measurement of viscoelastic material properties and increasing the accuracy of results are the main motivations to design a new DMA system. For this purpose, the state-of-the-art technologies to achieve high frequencies and strain amplitudes as well as instrumentation and control of the system are studied. The design process is presented in this paper.

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Development and Performance of the Portable Skid Resistance Tester

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of dry deposited particles on the tire/road friction

Effect of dry deposited particles on the tire/road friction

Frictional Resistance of Aggregates for Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavements

Designing a New Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) System for Testing Viscoelastic Materials at High Frequencies

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