Development and preliminary validation of an antibody filtration-assisted single-dilution chemiluminometric immunoassay for potency testing of Piscirickettsia salmonis vaccines

Wilda, Maximiliano; Lavoria, María Ángeles; Giraldez, Adrian Nicolas; Franco-Mahecha, Olga Lucía; Mansilla, Florencia Celeste; Érguiz, Matías; Iglesias, Marcela; Capozzo, Alejandra Victoria

doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2012.09.003

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently, it was demonstrated that relative percent survival (RPS) values can be associated with antibody titers induced by vaccination (5). In the present study, we have shown that to reduce SRS and ISA mortalities, several immunizations are necessary in order to maintain a high concentration of specific IgM antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in most cases, a high concentration of specific IgM antibodies can be associated with a protective state in vaccinated fish. Indeed, several studies have been carried out to relate specific serum IgM levels and the protective capacity of vaccines against different pathogens (5–10). However, these reports only studied the efficacy of vaccination under experimental conditions, and none of them focused on the field studies, where several factors may affect fish immune response and protection elicited by the vaccine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Successive Oral Immunizations Against Piscirickettsia Salmonis and Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus are Required to Maintain a Long-Term Protection in Farmed Salmonids

Tobar¹,

Arancibia²,

Torres³

et al. 2015

Front. Immunol.

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Currently, there is a growing demand to determine the protective status of vaccinated fish in order to prevent diseases outbreaks. A set of different parameters that include the infectious and immunological status of vaccinated salmonids from 622 Chilean farms were analyzed during 2011–2014. The aim of this study was to optimize the vaccination program of these centers through the determination of the protective state of vaccinated fish using oral immunizations. This state was determined from the association of the concentration of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the serum and the mortality rate of vaccinated fish. Salmonids were vaccinated with different commercial mono- or polyvalent vaccines against salmonid rickettsial septicemia (SRS) and infectious salmon anemia (ISA), first by the intraperitoneal injection of oil-adjuvanted antigens and then by the stimulation of mucosal immunity using oral vaccines as a booster vaccination. The results showed that high levels of specific IgM antibodies were observed after injectable vaccination, reaching a maximum concentration at 600–800 degree-days. Similar levels of antibodies were observed when oral immunizations were administrated. The high concentration of antibodies [above 2750 ng/mL for ISA virus (ISAv) and 3500 ng/mL for SRS] was maintained for a period of 800 degree-days after each vaccination procedure. In this regard, oral immunizations maintained a long-term high concentration of anti-SRS and anti-ISAv specific IgM antibodies. When the concentration of antibodies decreased below 2000 pg/mL, a window of susceptibility to SRS infection was observed in the farm, suggesting a close association between antibody levels and fish protective status. These results demonstrated that, in the field, several oral immunizations are essential to uphold a high level of specific anti-pathogens antibodies and, therefore, the protective status during the whole productive cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successive Oral Immunizations Against Piscirickettsia Salmonis and Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus are Required to Maintain a Long-Term Protection in Farmed Salmonids

Tobar¹,

Arancibia²,

Torres³

et al. 2015

Front. Immunol.

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“…) or a recently developed single‐dilution filtration‐assisted chemiluminometric immunoassay (SD FAL‐ELISA) that can be applied to measure anti‐ P. salmonis IgM in individual or pooled serum and mucus samples (Wilda et al . ), or molecular techniques, such as PCR (Mauel et al . ; Marshall et al .…”

Section: The Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Piscirickettsiosis and Piscirickettsia salmonis in fish: a review

Rozas

Enríquez

2013

Journal of Fish Diseases

240

209

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The bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis is the aetiological agent of piscirickettsiosis a severe disease that has caused major economic losses in the aquaculture industry since its appearance in 1989. Recent reports of P. salmonis or P. salmonis-like organisms in new fish hosts and geographical regions have increased interest in the bacterium. Because this gram-negative bacterium is still poorly understood, many relevant aspects of its life cycle, virulence and pathogenesis must be investigated before prophylactic procedures can be properly designed. The development of effective control strategies for the disease has been limited due to a lack of knowledge about the biology, intracellular growth, transmission and virulence of the organism. Piscirickettsiosis has been difficult to control; the failure of antibiotic treatment is common, and currently used vaccines show variable long-term efficacy. This review summarizes the biology and characteristics of the bacterium, including its virulence; the infective strategy of P. salmonis for survival and evasion of the host immune response; the host immune response to invasion by this pathogen; and newly described features of the pathology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and transmission. Current approaches to the prevention of and treatment for piscirickettsiosis are discussed.

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“…According to the literature, some authors have reported the use of less invasive techniques to detect P. salmonis. It includes the measurement of anti P. salmonis antibodies in serum and mucus [17] and also the use of serum to detect P. salmonis DNA fragments, as a 'non-lethal' screening procedure based on a PCR analysis. [19] In this study, the use of fish serum samples was reported to compare mass profiles from P. salmonis infected and non-infected fish individuals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] Diagnosis of P. salmonis is based on external and internal signs of the disease in a salmonid host. [11] The presence of P. salmonis can be demonstrated by the combination of several techniques, including culture in solid and liquid media, [2,[12][13][14] staining techniques, [15] enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), [16] single-dilution filtration-assisted chemiluminometric immunoassay (SD-FAL-ELISA), [17] molecular techniques such as the traditional PCR [18,19] and its variants [20][21][22][23] and DNA hybridization. [24] It has been reported that techniques of immunohistochemistry and its combination with other methods were also useful in the detection of P. salmonis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast detection of Piscirickettsia salmonis in Salmo salar serum through MALDI‐TOF‐MS profiling

et al. 2016

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Piscirickettsia salmonis is a pathogenic bacteria known as the aetiological agent of the salmonid rickettsial syndrome and causes a high mortality in farmed salmonid fishes. Detection of P. salmonis in farmed fishes is based mainly on molecular biology and immunohistochemistry techniques. These techniques are in most of the cases expensive and time consuming. In the search of new alternatives to detect the presence of P. salmonis in salmonid fishes, this work proposed the use of MALDI-TOF-MS to compare serum protein profiles from Salmo salar fish, including experimentally infected and non-infected fishes using principal component analysis (PCA). Samples were obtained from a controlled bioassay where S. salar was challenged with P. salmonis in a cohabitation model and classified according to the presence or absence of the bacteria by real time PCR analysis. MALDI spectra of the fish serum samples showed differences in its serum protein composition. These differences were corroborated with PCA analysis. The results demonstrated that the use of both MALDI-TOF-MS and PCA represents a useful tool to discriminate the fish status through the analysis of salmonid serum samples.

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Development and preliminary validation of an antibody filtration-assisted single-dilution chemiluminometric immunoassay for potency testing of Piscirickettsia salmonis vaccines

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Successive Oral Immunizations Against Piscirickettsia Salmonis and Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus are Required to Maintain a Long-Term Protection in Farmed Salmonids

Successive Oral Immunizations Against Piscirickettsia Salmonis and Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus are Required to Maintain a Long-Term Protection in Farmed Salmonids

Piscirickettsiosis and Piscirickettsia salmonis in fish: a review

Fast detection of Piscirickettsia salmonis in Salmo salar serum through MALDI‐TOF‐MS profiling

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