Development and Reproduction of the Two-spotted Red Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch as Influenced by Feeding on Leaves of Three Solanaceous Vegetable Crops under Laboratory Conditions

Awad, Salonaz E.; Mostafa, Eman; Salem, A.; Mahrous, M.

doi:10.3923/je.2018.69.74

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Various factors influence the biological aspects of TSSM, such as plant cultivars or food quality. In this regard, Awad et al [42], Awad [43] tested the effect of solanaceous vegetable crops on the development and reproduction of T. urticae, with results that logically displayed variation in the generation time and life span of T. urticae reared on cucumber cultivars at 27 ± 3 • C, 75 ± 5% RH [42,44]. The host plant's quality directly affects the development and survival of TSSM, T. urticae Koch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization of Clove, Basil and Peppermint Essential Oils; Evaluating Their Toxicity on the Development Stages of Two-Spotted Spider Mites Grown on Cucumber Leaves

Awad

Salah

Jghef

et al. 2022

Life

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The two spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, is a cosmopolitan mite. It rapidly reproduces and can develop resistance to chemical pesticides. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity and acaricidal activity of three essential oils from basil, clove, and peppermint against T. urticae reproduction, which is grown on three cucumber cultivars, Chief (SC 4145), Raian (CB898), and Toshka (SC 349), under laboratory conditions at 27 + 3 °C and 70 + 5% RH. GC-MS characterized the volatile oils of basil, clove, and peppermint. Methyl cinnamate, eugenol, and menthol were the main essential oils in basil, clove, and peppermint, respectively. The results indicated significant differences in the duration of development between T. urticae feeding on the three cucumber cultivars (p ≤ 0.05), including eggs, protonymph, and deutonymph time. The Toshka (SC 349) cultivar recorded the lowest developmental time. The longevity period exhibited the same trend with non-significant differences between Raian (CB898) and Toshka (SC 349). Moreover, the lethal concentration (LC50) and LC90 values in tested essential oils (EOs) showed that clove EOs were the most toxic. In contrast, basil and peppermint EOs were the least effective, and immature stages were more sensitive to EOs than adult stages. The infected Toshka (SC 349) discs treated with essential oils and abamectin under in vitro conditions indicated that clove oil is comparable to abamectin regarding its effect on the egg numbers (18.7 and 17.6 egg), immature development time, longevity, life span, and life cycle (20.6 and 20.8 days) of T. urticae. We conclude that the resistant cultivation of cucumber plants can be recommended in integrated pest management programs. The most effective of the tested oils, clove EOs, should be used as alternatives to pesticides to control T. urticae in the protected cultivation of cucumbers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%