Development and testing of nanomaterials for rechargeable lithium batteries

Odani, Ayelet; Nimberger, A.; Markovsky, Boris; Sominski, E.; Levi, Elena; Kumar, V. Ganesh; Motiei, Menachem; Gedanken, Aharon; Dan, P.; Aurbach, Doron

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00276-3

Cited by 76 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We also synthesized V 2 O 3 and V 2 O 5 nanoparticles without a carbon coating as follows: V 2 O 3 nanoparticles were prepared by annealing nanometer-sized V 3 O 7 particles at 420°C for 24 h under nitrogen. Nanometer-sized V 3 O 7 particles were prepared by the sonolysis of vanadyl triiso-propoxide under argon in the presence of water, as was previously reported [33]. By heating the nanometer-sized V 3 O 7 particles to 300°C for 24 h in air we produced nanometer-sized V 2 O 5 particles.…”

Section: Experimental Preparation Of Ccvo Samples and Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Odani¹,

Pol²,

Pol³

et al. 2006

Advanced Materials

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151

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V 2 O 3 powder is frequently used in conductive polymer composites and in catalysts. [1][2][3] In addition, a variety of VO x and MVO x (e.g., V 2 O 5 , V 6 O 13 , CaV 3 O 7 ) compounds have been suggested and tested as cathode materials for rechargeable Li batteries. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] These vanadium oxide-based compounds are still among the most intensively studied cathode materials for rechargeable Li batteries. It should be noted that studies related to Li-battery materials are of high interest in materials science. [11][12][13][14] The synthesis of spherical V 2 O 3 nanoparticles by the reductive pyrolysis of ammonium oxovanadium(IV) carbonato hydroxide has been reported. [15] Nanocrystalline V 2 O 3 was synthesized by the thermal decomposition of divanadium pentoxide by Su and Schlogl. [16] In this report, we present results of the RAPET dissociation (RAPET: reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperatures) of VO(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 , which produces carbon-coated vanadium oxide (CCVO). This novel method, using only a metallic alkoxide precursor in the absence of a catalyst or a solvent, is a one-step process yielding a core/shell morphology. Further oxidation of the CCVO produces carbon-coated V 2 O 5 (CCV 2 O 5 ) nanoparticles. In the present study, we explore to what extent the carbon shell enables electrical contact among the CCVO particles, while not interfering with a smooth Li intercalation with the V 2 O 3 particles. It is interesting to discover whether these active materials can be used in composite electrodes for Li batteries, as they would possibly reduce the need for significant addition of carbonaceous materials, in order to maintain electrical contact among the particles and between the active mass and the current collector. Usually, composite cathodes based on Li-intercalating transition-metal oxides or sulfides have to include additional carbon particles (5-15 wt %) [17,18] in order to achieve electrical contact between the active mass and the current collector (and among the particles themselves). As the particles are smaller (which may be very important for achieving high rates), critical problems may arise regarding the electrical properties of the composite electrodes, because the carbon particles may not be in direct contact with all of the very small particles of the active mass. Hence, the use of an active mass where each particle is coated by a thin (conductive) carbon layer that is permeable to Li ions may be very advantageous for Li-battery application. This paper is the first report on the use of CCVO as the active mass in composite cathodes for rechargeable Li batteries. The carbon and hydrogen content in the CCVO samples was determined by elemental analysis measurements. The calculated elemental percentage of carbon in the precursor, VO(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 , was 44.3 %, while the elemental percentage of hydrogen was 9.6 %. The measured percentage of carbon in the carbon-coated V 2 O 3 (CCV 2 O 3 ) product is usually 30 %, while the percentage of hydrogen is only 0.3 %. Hence, it...

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Section: Experimental Preparation Of Ccvo Samples and Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Odani¹,

Pol²,

Pol³

et al. 2006

Advanced Materials

Self Cite

151

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“…Finally, the use of various synthesis routes such as the sol-gel process, [316] rheological phase, [317] precipitation/decomposition, [318] hydrothermal, [319] sonochemical [320] and combustion reactions [315] are all being widely investigated for the production of nanoionic materials for use in lithium ion batteries.…”

Section: Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Chadwick

Savin

2010

Low‐Dimensional Solids

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“…Finally, the use of various synthetic routes, including the sol-gel process [122], rheological phase [123], precipitation/decomposition [124], hydrothermal [125] sonochemical [126] and combustion reactions [121], are all currently being widely investigated for the production of nanoionic materials for use in lithium ion batteries.…”

Section: Nanoionics As Battery Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion‐Conducting Nanocrystals: Theory, Methods, and Applications

Chadwick

Savin

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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The aim of this chapter is to review the current state of knowledge in ionic materials with crystallite dimensions less than 100 nm, systems which sometimes are referred to as nanoionics. The chapter will detail the preparation, characterization and the important applications of these materials, especially in sensors, solid-state batteries, and fuel cells. Particular focus will be placed on ionic transport in these materials, as this is a topic of considerable contemporary interest, and where conflicting reports exist of enhanced diffusion in nanocrystals. IntroductionNanomaterials are systems that contain particles with one dimension in the nanometer regime. The past decade has witnessed a growing intense interest from biologists, chemists, physicists, and engineers in the application of these materialsthe so-called nanotechnology, which is sometimes referred to as the next industrial revolution [1]. The reasons for such interest are the unusual properties and potential technological applications that are exhibited by these materials when compared to their bulk counterparts [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In this chapter, attention will be focused on rather simple ionic solids, where the interatomic attractions are predominantly coulombic forces, and the dimensions are predominantly <100 nm. Such systems have been termed nanoionics [11,12].There are three dominant reasons for the study of these particular systems:. The simplicity of the interatomic forces means that some of the generic features and problems of nanomaterials should be tractable to theoretical and/or computer modeling approaches for these particular systems. . Many relatively simple ionic compounds, such as binary halides and oxides, in their bulk form have important technological applications as electrolytes, catalysts, Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

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Development and testing of nanomaterials for rechargeable lithium batteries

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Ion‐Conducting Nanocrystals: Theory, Methods, and Applications

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Development and testing of nanomaterials for rechargeable lithium batteries

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

Testing Carbon‐Coated VOx Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Testing Carbon‐Coated VOx Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Ion‐Conducting Nanocrystals: Theory, Methods, and Applications

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Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials

Testing Carbon‐Coated VO_x Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials