“…In the case of medical devices, directives of organizations such as the FDA and the European Commission request user need analyses, human factors engineering or field trials (Patel et al, ; Money et al, ; Ratcliffe, ; Martin and Barnett, ; Schaeffer, ). These requirements are higher for firms that follow industrial standards such as those of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) (Powers and Greenberg, ; Money et al, ). Additional requirements for user integration might be mandated by other entities, mainly as a prerequisite for obtaining funding or grants for development (Davey et al, ; Martin and Barnett, ; Martin et al, ).…”