Development and Validation of a Military Training Mental Toughness Inventory

Arthur, Calum A.; Fitzwater, James; Hardy, Lew; Beattie, Stuart; Bell, James J.

doi:10.1037/mil0000074

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Aligned with recent work [2,4,30], our findings provided additional support for the adaptive nature of mental toughness for positive functioning. We found moderate-to-large associations between mental toughness and psychological experiences of learning and vitality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This finding corroborates the conceptualisation of mental toughness as a personal resource that reflects one's psychological capacity to behave successfully in goal-directed ways [2]. The centrality of mental toughness for self-actualisation (i.e., fulfilment of potential) [14] offers insight into this differential effect in that it provides direction towards self-referenced objectives, aligns behaviour with these goals, and fosters flexibility when faced with stressful or challenging contexts [2,14,30]. As such, mental toughness is a psychological resource that is more relevant for progress and development (the 'doing' part of thriving) than it is for positive emotions associated with those processes (the 'being' part of thriving).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Controlling coaching and athlete thriving in elite adolescent netballers: The buffering effect of athletes’ mental toughness

Gucciardi

Stamatis

Ntoumanis

2017

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Controlling coaching and athlete thriving in elite adolescent netballers: The buffering effect of athletes’ mental toughness

Gucciardi

Stamatis

Ntoumanis

2017

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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“…In addition, a further breakdown of the superiors’ appraisal of the recruits’ aptitude for promotion would allow the identification of those criteria that are pivotal in the eyes of the superior officers. A promising instrument for future research is the Military Training Mental Toughness Inventory, which is based on the Mental Toughness Inventory 52. The latter in turn was conceptualized within Gray and McNaughton’s neuropsychological framework of the revised Reward Sensitivity Theory, which aims to explain how goal-directed behavior is maintained under stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and coping in military cadre candidates

Nakkas

Annen

Brand

2016

NDT

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BackgroundSoldiers must cope with stressors during both military operations and training if they are to accomplish their missions successfully and stay mentally stable. This holds true particularly for military superiors, as they bear greater responsibilities and must meet greater demands during both deployment and training. Accordingly, in the present study, we investigated whether recruits chosen for further promotion at the end of basic training differed with regard to psychological distress and coping strategies from those not chosen for promotion, and whether recruits’ coping styles and distress levels were associated.MethodsA total of 675 Swiss recruits took part in the study. At the beginning of basic training, recruits filled out self-rating questionnaires covering demographic data, psychological distress (depression, somatization, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility), and coping styles. Results were compared between those recruits who received a recommendation for further promotion at the end of basic training and those who did not.ResultsRecruits selected for promotion had lower scores for depressive symptoms and hostility, engaged more in active coping, and considered their coping to be more effective. Dysfunctional and functional coping were associated with higher and lower distress levels, respectively.ConclusionRecruits recommended for promotion exhibited less psychological distress during basic training and exhibited a socially more conducive profile of distress. They also endorsed more efficient and more prosocial coping strategies than those recruits not recommended for promotion. These cognitive–emotional features not only contribute to resilience but are also consistent with leadership research, indicating the importance of emotional stability and prosocial behavior in successful leaders.

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“…informant ratings of MTb (Arthur et al, 2015;Gucciardi et al, 2015). Therefore, the first purpose of the study was to further examine the relationship between a self-report assessment of MT (i.e., the MTI; Gucciardi et al, 2015) and an informant rating of MTb in competition (i.e., the coach).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating role of training behaviors on self-reported mental toughness and mentally tough behavior in swimming.

Beattie

Alqallaf²,

Hardy

et al. 2019

Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

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Self-regulated training behaviours plays a vital role in athletes' physical and mental sporting development. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-regulated training behaviours (self and coach rated) on the relationship between selfreported Mental Toughness (MT) and coaches perceptions of swimmers Mentally Tough behaviour (MTb) in competition. A second purpose of the study was to examine how discrepancies in coach and athlete perceptions of training behaviours related to coach perceptions of swimmers MTb in competition. A sample of 12 swimming coaches (11 men and 1 women) and 208 of their competitive swimmers (86 men and 122 women) participated in the study. The swimmers completed self-report assessments of MT and self-regulated training behaviours. The coaches completed questionnaires regarding observations of their swimmers MTb in competition and a smaller pool of items from the athletes self-regulated training behaviours questionnaire. Findings supported our hypotheses that MT was positively related to self-regulated training behaviours (self and coach rated) and training behaviours was positively related to coach rated MTb. Further, self-regulated training behaviours (β = 0.12; CI = 0.05-0.20) and coach rated perceptions of training behaviours (β = 0.07; CI = 0.03-0.13) mediated the relationship between self-report MT and coach rated MTb in competition. Finally, a significant amount of variance in MTb was accounted for (23%) only when there was agreement between the coach and the athlete regarding the level of selfregulated training behaviours. We recommend that future research examines what specific types of training behaviours positively influence MT.

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Development and Validation of a Military Training Mental Toughness Inventory

Cited by 39 publications

References 18 publications

Controlling coaching and athlete thriving in elite adolescent netballers: The buffering effect of athletes’ mental toughness

Controlling coaching and athlete thriving in elite adolescent netballers: The buffering effect of athletes’ mental toughness

Psychological distress and coping in military cadre candidates

The mediating role of training behaviors on self-reported mental toughness and mentally tough behavior in swimming.

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