Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure photoionization–mass spectrometry method for the quantification of alprazolam, flunitrazepam, and their main metabolites in haemolysed blood

Marchi, Ivano; Schappler, Julie; Veuthey, Jean‐Luc; Rudaz, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.002

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, the analysis can be carried out by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), among others [3,9,[20][21][22][23][24]. The LC-MS/MS is a technique with several advantages such as high sensitivity and selectivity, low limits of quantification, can be fully automated, and can provide simultaneous and independent determination of several targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New approach to the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in natural water: study of alprazolam employing adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are chemicals, including pharmaceutical and personal care products, not commonly monitored in the aquatic environment. Pharmaceuticals are nowadays considered as an important environmental contaminant. Chromatography methods which require expensive equipment and complicated sample pretreatment are used for detection of CECs in natural water. Thus, in this study we proposed a simple, fast, and low-cost voltammetric method as a screening tool for the determination of CECs in natural water prior to chromatography. A case study was conducted with alprazolam (benzodiazepine). The method was optimized and validated in-house. The limit of quantification was 0.4 μg L(-1) for a 120 s preconcentration time. The recoveries ranged from 93 to 120 % for accuracy tests. A further proposal aim was to determine for the first time the occurrence of alprazolam in Brazilian river water and to evaluate its potential use as a marker of contamination by wastewater.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New approach to the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in natural water: study of alprazolam employing adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The analytical determinations of carbamazepine and diazepam were undertaken according to Marchi et al (2009), adapting this fully automated method based on liquid chromatography-MS/ MS. The operational conditions for the determination of the compounds were as follows: chromatographic column (Zorbax SB C 18 5 μm, 4.6×150 mm), mobile phase of water (A) and methanol (B), both containing 1.0 % formic acid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the psychoactive drugs carbamazepine and diazepam in hospital effluent and identification of their metabolites

Almeida

Oliveira

Mallmann

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study addresses the occurrence of carbamazepine and diazepam and their metabolites in the wastewater of the University Hospital (HUSM) of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS-Brazil. Samples were collected from three sampling points of the sewage treatment system: point A ('emergency effluent'), point B ('general effluent') and point C ('water course-receptor'). Eight metabolites were identified: carbamazepine-10-11-epoxide, 10-dihydro-carbamazepine, 2-OH-carbamazepine, iminoquinone, acridone, nordiazepam, oxazepam and temazepam. The mean concentrations in the emergency, general effluent and water course-receptor were as follows: 433.0 ± 4.7, 349.0 ± 5.0 and 485.0 ± 5.6 ng L(-1), for carbamazepine and 550.0 ± 4.3, 441.0 ± 7.9 and 586.6 ± 9.3 ng L(-1), for diazepam, respectively. Liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QqLIT-MS) proved to be a method fit-to-purpose. The determination of carbamazepine and diazepam, and the identification of active metabolites showing environmental persistence (carbamazepine-10-11-epoxide, nordiazepam and oxazepam) revealed the need for a more effective treatment of the HUSM effluent. As far as we know, no similar study has been carried out on the wastewater of Brazilian hospitals.

show abstract

“…Samples were stored at –20.0 ± 1.0°C, and defrosted at ambient temperature (22.5 ± 0.5°C) for 30 min before use. As freezing and thawing cause hemolysis of human erythrocytes , the samples are referred to as hemolyzed blood samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an SPE method for the determination of zaleplon and zopiclone in hemolyzed blood using fast GC with negative-ion chemical ionization MS

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An SPE procedure for the determination of zaleplon and zopiclone in low-volume human hemolyzed blood using fast GC with negative-ion chemical ionization MS has been developed and validated. Both analytes were well retained on Oasis MCX and HLB columns, and sufficient extraction efficiency was achieved at pH 9.0. For further study a hydrophilic-lipophilic sorbent Oasis HLB was selected due to the polarity of sorbent surface and its large surface area in order to achieve efficient extraction of both analytes in a single step. Special attention has been paid to choosing washing and eluting solvents, resulting in a particularly/extremely clean and moisture-free extract. The mean extraction efficiency was higher than 90.1% for zaleplon and 82.9% for zopiclone. The precision for zaleplon and zopiclone was between 3.04-10.58% and 4.08-9.52%, respectively. Whereas the accuracy was in the range from -5.73 to 6.00%, and from -7.00 to 6.32% for zaleplon and zopiclone, respectively. The results show that the developed method is accurate, selective, precise, and very fast with excellent recovery and low LOD and LOQ.

show abstract

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure photoionization–mass spectrometry method for the quantification of alprazolam, flunitrazepam, and their main metabolites in haemolysed blood

Cited by 33 publications

References 66 publications

New approach to the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in natural water: study of alprazolam employing adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

New approach to the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in natural water: study of alprazolam employing adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

Determination of the psychoactive drugs carbamazepine and diazepam in hospital effluent and identification of their metabolites

Development of an SPE method for the determination of zaleplon and zopiclone in hemolyzed blood using fast GC with negative-ion chemical ionization MS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About