2022
DOI: 10.1177/10732748221102820
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Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram for Predicting Vessels that Encapsulate Tumor Cluster in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract: Background Vessels that encapsulate tumor cluster (VETC) is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Vessels that encapsulate tumor cluster estimation before initial treatment is helpful for clinical doctors. We aimed to construct a novel predictive model for VETC, using preoperatively accessible clinical parameters and imagine features. Methods Totally, 365 HCC patients who received curative hepatectomy in the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from 2013 to 2014 were enrolled in thi… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…The concept of VETC was first reported by Fang et al factor in HCC. [17][18][19] In the present study, 20.1% of HCC patients who underwent LDLT for HCC had VETC(+) tumors; this figure is in agreement with previous reports. VETC(+) HCC is highly malignant and its occurrence is correlated with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The concept of VETC was first reported by Fang et al factor in HCC. [17][18][19] In the present study, 20.1% of HCC patients who underwent LDLT for HCC had VETC(+) tumors; this figure is in agreement with previous reports. VETC(+) HCC is highly malignant and its occurrence is correlated with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The concept of VETC was first reported by Fang et al 6 VETC is present in 16.9%–23.8% of HCC patients and is a poor prognostic factor in HCC 17–19 . In the present study, 20.1% of HCC patients who underwent LDLT for HCC had VETC(+) tumors; this figure is in agreement with previous reports.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“… 27 Finally, several studies adopted a value of ≥55% tumour area as the “optimal” cut-off to define VETC-positive vs. VETC-negative phenotypes to predict prognosis. 24 , 26 , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] However, the original reference for this cut-off comes from a study which evaluated VETC using tissue microarrays 24 which may not have the same applicability in the other studies which used whole sections. Indeed, the true prevalence and severity of VETC can only be quantified using resection or explant specimens and not tissue microarrays or liver biopsies (discussed later).…”
Section: Nomenclature Definition and Prevalence Of Vetcmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, evaluating VETC patterns preoperatively remains challenging because VETC can only be diagnosed by surgical specimens. Some studies have tried to use preoperative imaging to noninvasive evaluate VETC 8–12 . Computed tomography (CT) or MRI features, such as types of enhancement pattern, intratumoral necrosis, tumor size, and non‐rim diffuse and heterogeneous arterial phase hyperenhancement (non‐rim dh‐APHE), have been reported to be associated with VETC 8–11 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[8][9][10][11][12] Computed tomography (CT) or MRI features, such as types of enhancement pattern, intratumoral necrosis, tumor size, and non-rim diffuse and heterogeneous arterial phase hyperenhancement (non-rim dh-APHE), have been reported to be associated with VETC. [8][9][10][11] Yu et al predicted the preoperative VETC and prognosis of HCC patients based on radiomics features of the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyldiethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI. 12 However, the criteria for preoperative imaging diagnosis of VETC have not been widely accepted, and more robust evidence is needed.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%