Development and Validation of a Short Global Dry Eye Symptom Index

Schaumberg, Debra A.; Gulati, Abha; Mathers, William D.; Clinch, Thomas E.; Lemp, Michael A.; Nelson, J. Daniel; Foulks, Gary N.; Dana, Reza

doi:10.1016/s1542-0124(12)70053-8

Cited by 187 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…During the clinical examination, patients were required to complete five of the most common Dry Eye Questionnaires used in the clinical setting: The Ocular-surfacedisease-index (OSDI) [30], Mcmonnies (MQ) [31], the standard patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) [32], the Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) [33] and the Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5; short version) [34].…”

Section: Symptomatology Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Rico-del-Viejo

Lorente‐Velázquez

Hernández-Verdejo

et al. 2018

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Section: Symptomatology Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Rico-del-Viejo

Lorente‐Velázquez

Hernández-Verdejo

et al. 2018

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…III, IV) ( 14 ). The outcome was taken as the change in the global score at week 12 from that at week 0, which was calculated from the discomfort frequency and severity as previously described ( 14 ).…”

Section: Outcome Parameters Evaluatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes in tear fluid lipidome brought about by eyelid-warming treatment in a cohort of meibomian gland dysfunction

Lam

Tong

Duan

et al. 2014

Journal of Lipid Research

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Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent ophthalmic condition adversely affecting up to 80% of the population over the age of 80, with potential debilitating effects on specifi c segments of the population such as contact lens wearers, people who have undergone refractive surgeries, postmenopausal women, and patients suffering from a variety of autoimmune disorders ( 1 ). DES is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface caused by a deficiency in tear production or excessive evaporation ( 2 ). Regardless of the initiating causes, chronic dryness and the resultant tear fi lm hyperosmolarity leads to infl ammation that jeopardizes the structural and functional integrity of the lacrimal gland, meibomian gland, and corneal and conjunctival epithelial tissues. The gradual destruction of Abstract Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a leading cause of evaporative dry eye and ocular discomfort characterized by an unstable tear fi lm principally attributed to affl icted delivery of lipids to the ocular surface. Herein, we elucidated longitudinal tear lipid alterations associated with disease alleviation and symptom improvement in a cohort of MGD patients undergoing eyelid-warming treatment for 12 weeks. Remarkably, eyelid-warming resulted in stark reductions in lysophospholipids ( P < 0.001 for lyso-plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylinositol), as well as numerous PUFAcontaining diacylglyceride species in tears, accompanied by signifi cant increases in several PUFA-containing phospholipids. These changes in tear lipidomes suggest that eyelidwarming leads to diminished activity of tear phospholipases that preferentially target PUFA-containing phospholipids. In addition, treatment led to appreciable increases ( P < 0.001) in O -acyl--hydroxy-FAs (OAHFAs), which are lipid amphiphiles critical to the maintenance of tear fi lm stability. Longitudinal changes in the tear lipids aforementioned also signifi cantly ( P < 0.05) correlated with reduced rate of ocular evaporation and improvement in ocular symptoms. The foregoing data thus indicate that excess ocular surface phospholipase activity detrimental to tear fi lm stability could be alleviated by eyelid warming alone without application of steroids and identify tear OAHFAs as suitable markers to monitor treatment response in MGD. -Man Lam, S

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“…Then, the global SANDE score was obtained by square rooting the multiplication of the frequency and severity of the dry eye symptoms. As the SANDE was applied to the symptoms of discomfort, blurring and photophobia, the worst global score of the symptoms was used in the subsequent analysis [9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of such questionnaires are the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire which consists of 2 questions graded on a scale of 0-3 on frequency and grade 0-4 on severity and Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire which consists of 3 questions based on symptoms of frequency and severity. Both of these questionnaires have been published, validated and utilized in the eye clinic by the investigators [6,7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Dry Eye Symptoms with Socioeconomic Factors and quality of Life

Tong¹

2014

J Clin Res Ophthalmol

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006 AbstractPurpose: Dry eye is a common condition with significant morbidity and socioeconomic burden. The associated demographic factors that worsen utility in dry eye patients were not known. There were many questionnaire instruments advocated for dry eye documentation but none of these have been shown to correlate to quality of life (QoL). We aimed at examining the health related utility values in a group of dry eye patients and their associations.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the dry eye clinic of Singapore National Eye Centre. Patients with dry eye symptoms were randomized to one of the two validated symptom questionnaires, Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) or Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaires. All patients underwent an evaluation of socio economic factors and utility was assessed using Time-Trade-Off methodby 4 trained interviewers. Results:We recruited 178 participants with dry eye symptoms (mean age was 56.4 (SD: 14.1) years, 77% female), 85 were assessed with SPEED and 93 with SANDE. The utility values encountered were skewed with only 52% of patients having a reduced utility (median=1.0) with a mean of 0.984 (SD: 0.11). The mean SPEED was 11.7 (5.6), and the mean SANDE was 56.8 (22.6). A higher symptom score was associated with a utility less than 1 with odds ratio 2.75 (95%CI 1.50-5.04). The correlation between SANDE and utility was r=-0.295 (-0.47 to -0.097) and corresponding correlation for SPEED and utility was not significant. To detect a utility less than 1, SPEED had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.63 (95%CI 0.51-0.75) and the SANDE, 0.67 (0.56-0.77). Conclusions:The health related QoL was relatively good in people with dry eye symptoms in this study. Increased symptoms were associated with decreasing QoL but the association was in general weak. This implied that causes of reduced QoL apart from symptoms, such as costs, treatment inconvenience or adverse effects should be explored.symptoms of dry eyes are episodic and questionnaires administered at one time point may or may not reflect the true disease morbidity. Two of such questionnaires are the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire which consists of 2 questions graded on a scale of 0-3 on frequency and grade 0-4 on severity and Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire which consists of 3 questions based on symptoms of frequency and severity. Both of these questionnaires have been published, validated and utilized in the eye clinic by the investigators [6,7]. Dry eye is a common and growing public health problem with significant morbidity and decrease in health related QoL. Uncertainty in correlation between decreased QoL with presenting symptoms and factors, or the possibility of QoL being associated with factors such as cost and inconvenience of treatment, will affect prioritization in the management of the disease. For instance, if presenting symptoms correlate poorly with the perceived QoL, more emphasis should ...

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Development and Validation of a Short Global Dry Eye Symptom Index

Cited by 187 publications

References 17 publications

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Longitudinal changes in tear fluid lipidome brought about by eyelid-warming treatment in a cohort of meibomian gland dysfunction

The Association of Dry Eye Symptoms with Socioeconomic Factors and quality of Life

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