Development and Validation of a Self-Confidence Scale

Garant, Vivianne; Charest, Caroline; Alain, Michel; Thomassin, Lyne

doi:10.2466/pms.1995.81.2.401

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that ED has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of sufferers and their partners, affecting their emotional stability [20][21][22][23]24,25]. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of vardenafil on erectile function (EF) in patients with ED, its effect on self-esteem, self-confidence, and quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Vardenafil and Influence on Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence in Patients with Severe Erectile Dysfunction

Martín‐Morales

Meijide

Garcı́a

et al. 2007

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Aim To assess the efficacy of vardenafil in a population of Spanish men with erectile dysfunction (ED), its influence on patients’ self-esteem and self-confidence, and its effect on their quality of life. Main Outcome Measures Efficacy was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale, the Johnson and McCoy Self-Confidence scale, the Medical Outcome Short Form (SF-36) scale, items 2 and 3 of the Sexual Encounter Profile questionnaire, and the Global Assessment Question (GAQ). Safety assessments included laboratory tests, physical exam, electrocardiogram, vital signs, and adverse events. Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study. After a 4-week treatment-free period, patients received flexible-dose vardenafil or placebo for 12 weeks. The initial dose was 10 mg, which could be titrated up to 20 mg or down to 5 mg at weeks 4 and 8. Results A total of 121 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (61 on vardenafil and 60 on placebo). Of these, 16 in the vardenafil group and 14 in the placebo group had severe ED. There was a greater improvement in IIEF-EF domain score with vardenafil vs. placebo for all patients (score change of 10.9 vs. 1.6, respectively, P < 0.001) and for patients with severe ED (score change of 13.4 vs. 2.2, respectively, P = 0.011). A significant difference in favor of vardenafil was also observed for positive responses to the GAQ (73.8% vs. 25.0%, P < 0.001). After 12 weeks, vardenafil-treated patients with severe ED showed a significant improvement in their self-esteem compared with patients receiving placebo (change from baseline −1.51 vs. 3.54, respectively, P = 0.036). Vardenafil treatment was well tolerated. Conclusion Vardenafil was highly effective for improving EF in all patients with ED, and resulted in significant improvements in self-esteem in patients with severe ED.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Vardenafil and Influence on Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence in Patients with Severe Erectile Dysfunction

Martín‐Morales

Meijide

Garcı́a

et al. 2007

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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“…The questionnaires were developed by incorporating items from published scales that measured clothing confidence (Oh, 1999), self-confidence (Bell, 1967;Garant, Charest, Alain, & Thomassin, 1995), self-efficacy (Sherer et al, 1982;Stumpf, Brief, & Hartman, 1987), and selfesteem (Rosenberg, 1965). Items were modified from the original scales when needed to conform to the present study's purposes.…”

Section: Quantitative Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wording for the current scale was modified and agreement with the statement was considered high self-confidence. Stumpf et al (1987), Bell (1967), Garant et al (1995), and one item developed by the researcher. Items were rated on a five-point Likert scale ("1" = strongly agree, "3" = neutral, "5" = strongly disagree).…”

Section: Clothing Satisfaction and Confidence Measure The Clothing Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The General Self-Confidence and Self-Efficacy Measure (Table 3 5) was developed to compare the participants' pre-and post-test scores related to general self-confidence and self-efficacy. Items from scales that measured selfconfidence (Bell, 1967;Garant et al, 1995) and self-efficacy Sherer et al (1982) were combined. A five-point Likert scale ("1" = strongly agree, 3" = neutral, "5" = strongly disagree).…”

Section: Clothing Satisfaction and Confidence Measure The Clothing Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four items from Garant et al (1995) Self-Confidence scale were used verbatim to measure general self-confidence vs. work-related confidence in Table 3.5: "I can do anything I want to do because I have confidence in myself," "I lack confidence when I am in a new and unknown situation,"…”

Section: Clothing Satisfaction and Confidence Measure The Clothing Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a philanthropic clothing program on women-in-transition: Fashion Takes Action

McLeod

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Is there a universal need for positive self-regard?

Heine

Lehman

Markus

et al. 1999

Psychological Review

1,862

1,651

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It is assumed that people seek positive self-regard; that is, they are motivated to possess, enhance, and maintain positive self-views. The cross-cultural generalizability of such motivations was addressed by examining Japanese culture. Anthropological, sociological, and psychological analyses revealed that many elements of Japanese culture are incongruent with such motivations. Moreover, the empirical literature provides scant evidence for a need for positive self-regard among Japanese and indicates that a self-critical focus is more characteristic of Japanese. It is argued that the need for self-regard must be culturally variant because the constructions of self and regard themselves differ across cultures. The need for positive self-regard, as it is currently conceptualized, is not a universal, but rather is rooted in significant aspects of North American culture. Conventional interpretations of positive self-regard are too narrow to encompass the Japanese experience.

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Development and Validation of a Self-Confidence Scale

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Efficacy of Vardenafil and Influence on Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence in Patients with Severe Erectile Dysfunction

Efficacy of Vardenafil and Influence on Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence in Patients with Severe Erectile Dysfunction

Effect of a philanthropic clothing program on women-in-transition: Fashion Takes Action

Is there a universal need for positive self-regard?

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