Development and Validation of a Probe Word List to Assess Speech Motor Skills in Children

Namasivayam, Aravind Kumar; Huynh, Anna; Bali, Rohan; Granata, Francesca; Law, Vina; Rampersaud, Darshani; Hard, Jennifer; Ward, Roslyn; Helms-Park, Rena; Lieshout, Pascal van; Hayden, Deborah

doi:10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00139

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The probe words list consists of 40 Italian words accurately chosen with regards to their frequency in child vocabulary repertoire and to their motor characteristics. The probe words list was developed according to the Motor Speech Hierarchy (MSH) [ 36 ], which is the developmental model of speech motor acquisition and control at the basis of the PROMPT motor speech framework. The model illustrates a hierarchical development of seven speech subsystems: Stage 1: Tone, Stage 2: Phonatory Control, Stage III: Mandibular Control, Stage IV: Labial-Facial Control, Stage V: Lingual Control, Stage VI: Sequenced movements and Stage VII: Prosody.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROMPT to improve speech motor abilities in children with cerebral palsy: a wait-list control group trial protocol

Fiori

Ragoni

Podda³

et al. 2022

BMC Neurol

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Background Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have communication impairments, including speech altered intelligibility. Multiple levels of disrupted speech have been reported in CP, which negatively impact on participation and quality of life, with increase of care needs. Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC) is an option, with debated benefits and limitations, in particular for its functional use. This is supported by a substantial lack of defined evidences in favor of direct speech articulation intervention in CP. Motor learning-based interventions are effective in CP and are the basis of speech motor interventions such as PROMPT (Prompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets). The PROMPT speech motor treatment provides tactile-kinesthetic inputs to facilitate articulatory movements by dynamic modelling, resulting in more efficient motor patterns that can be integrated into speech and communication. In CP, exploratory evidences support the feasibility and preliminarily advantages on intelligibility of motor speech treatments, such as PROMPT, with increased speech motor control, also documented by kinematic analyses. Methods A randomized waitlist-control trial will be conducted in children aged between 3- and 10-years having CP and dysarthria (estimated sample size = 60 children). Children will be allocated in the immediate intervention or in the waitlist control group. The intervention consists of an intensive 3 weeks period of twice-a-day administration of PROMPT. Standard care will be administered in the control (waitlist) group. After repeated baseline assessments (T0), the PROMPT treated group will undergo the experimental 3-week intervention period, with T1 assessment at the end. A further T2 assessment will be provided at medium term (3 months after the end of the intervention) for evaluating the stability of intervention. Primary and secondary speech clinical and kinematics outcome measures will be collected at T0, T1 and T2. Discussion This paper describes the study protocol consisting of a RCT with two main objectives: (1) to evaluate the or short-term benefits of an intensive speech motor intervention on speech and intelligibility in children with CP and the stability of the intervention at medium term; (2) to describe the kinematic correlates of speech motor control modifications. Trial registration Trial registration date 06/12/2019; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04189159.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROMPT to improve speech motor abilities in children with cerebral palsy: a wait-list control group trial protocol

Fiori

Ragoni

Podda³

et al. 2022

BMC Neurol

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“…In the current study, trisyllabic NSWs with two stress patterns (strong-weak-weak or weak-strong-weak) were used (e.g., gótabe, faduque). All NSWs used in the ReST treatment were balanced according to the patient's inventory of sounds and level of motor complexity (based on mandible-lip-tongue movement transitions (e.g., [37])) and met the phonotactic constraints of Brazilian Portuguese words. These NSWs were checked and validated by two licensed Brazilian linguists.…”

Section: Speech Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Speech Rehabilitation in a Young Adult with Trisomy 21: Integrating Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) with Rapid Syllable Transition Training for Apraxia of Speech

Nakamura-Palacios,

Falçoni Júnior,

Tanese

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Apraxia of speech is a persistent speech motor disorder that affects speech intelligibility. Studies on speech motor disorders with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) have been mostly directed toward examining post-stroke aphasia. Only a few tDCS studies have focused on apraxia of speech or childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and no study has investigated individuals with CAS and Trisomy 21 (T21, Down syndrome). This N-of-1 randomized trial examined the effects of tDCS combined with a motor learning task in developmental apraxia of speech co-existing with T21 (ReBEC RBR-5435x9). The accuracy of speech sound production of nonsense words (NSWs) during Rapid Syllable Transition Training (ReST) over 10 sessions of anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 25 cm) over Broca’s area with the cathode over the contralateral region was compared to 10 sessions of sham-tDCS and four control sessions in a 20-year-old male individual with T21 presenting moderate–severe childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The accuracy for NSW production progressively improved (gain of 40%) under tDCS (sham-tDCS and control sessions showed < 20% gain). A decrease in speech severity from moderate–severe to mild–moderate indicated transfer effects in speech production. Speech accuracy under tDCS was correlated with Wernicke’s area activation (P3 current source density), which in turn was correlated with the activation of the left supramarginal gyrus and the Sylvian parietal–temporal junction. Repetitive bihemispheric tDCS paired with ReST may have facilitated speech sound acquisition in a young adult with T21 and CAS, possibly through activating brain regions required for phonological working memory.

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“…In the current study, trisyllabic NSWs with two stress patterns (strong-weak-weak or weakstrong-weak) were used (e.g., gótabe, faduque). All NSWs used in ReST treatment were balanced according to the patient's inventory of sounds, level of motor complexity (based on mandible-liptongue movement transitions (e.g., Namasivayam et al, 2021) and met phonotactic constraints of Brazilian Portuguese words. These NSWs were checked and validated by two licensed Brazilian linguists.…”

Section: Speech Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Paired with ReST Training in Apraxia of Speech in Young Adult with Trisomy 21

Nakamura-Palacios,

Falçoni Júnior,

Tanese

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Apraxia of speech is a persistent speech motor disorder that affects speech intelligibility. Studies on speech motor disorders with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) have been mostly directed to post-stroke aphasia. Only a few tDCS studies have focused on apraxia of speech or childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and no study has investigated individuals with CAS and people with trisomy 21 (T21, Down Syndrome). This study examined the effects of tDCS combined with a motor learning task in developmental apraxia of speech co-existing with T21 (ReBEC RBR-5435x9). The accuracy of speech sound production of nonsense words (NSWs) during Rapid Syllable Transition Training (ReST) under 10 sessions of anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 25 cm) over the Broca’s area with cathode over the contralateral region was compared to 10 sessions of sham-tDCS and 4 control sessions in a 20-year-old male individual with T21 presenting moderate-severe childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The accuracy for NSWs production progressively improved (gain 40%) under tDCS only (sham-tDCS and control sessions showed <20% gain). A decrease in speech severity from moderate-severe to mild-moderate indicated transfer effects in speech production. The speech accuracy under tDCS was correlated with Wernicke’s area activation (P3 current source density), which in turn, was correlated with the activation of the left supramarginal gyrus and the Sylvian Parietal Temporal Junction. Repetitive bihemispheric tDCS paired with ReST may have facilitated the speech sound acquisition in a young adult with T21 and CAS, possibly by recruiting brain regions required for the phonological working memory.

show abstract

Development and Validation of a Probe Word List to Assess Speech Motor Skills in Children

Cited by 9 publications

References 105 publications

PROMPT to improve speech motor abilities in children with cerebral palsy: a wait-list control group trial protocol

PROMPT to improve speech motor abilities in children with cerebral palsy: a wait-list control group trial protocol

Enhancing Speech Rehabilitation in a Young Adult with Trisomy 21: Integrating Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) with Rapid Syllable Transition Training for Apraxia of Speech

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Paired with ReST Training in Apraxia of Speech in Young Adult with Trisomy 21

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