Development and validation of a finite deformation fibre kinking model for crushing of composites

A micromechanics based model for rate dependent compression loaded unidirectional composites

“…Continuum damage based formulations without rate effects are proposed by [12,13], including fibre kinking theory, e.g. [14][15][16][17]. Other authors [18][19][20] used a functional formulation of the generalized Maxwell model introduced by Simo and Hughes [21] to model the behaviour of composites at high strain rates.…”

Computational modelling of the crushing of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites

“…(i) Fibre-dominated failure modes A bilinear law analogous to the one used to represent interlaminar damage, has been shown to be adequate in capturing fibre-dominated damage in tension [5]. In compression, where damage is initiated by fibre kinking arising from inevitable fibre misalignment [63], this law is modified to account for the residual strength arising from entrapped debris [64], figure 4. Unlike the case for the constitutive law used for interlaminar damage, the use of a volume element requires that the intralaminar bilinear law is given as a stress-strain relation where the damage manifests as a degradation in modulus and the area under the curve is a measure of strain energy density.…”

Development of a 3D finite element model at mesoscale for the crushing of unidirectional composites: Application to plates crushing

“…That is the reason why researchers are more and more interested in virtual testing for crashworthiness. One of the major difficulties in the simulation of energy absorption in composite materials is the complexity of mechanisms involved in composite crushing: from the initiation of failure to the possible complete rupture of the material, including kinking [6] debris interaction [7], friction [8], material compaction… Depending on the expected level of accuracy and computational efficiency, different models were developed in recent decades.…”

“…Oscillations width corresponds to element length, which certainly comes from a lack of softening in the models. Costa et al [6] recently developed a new fibre kinking model for crushing application that manages to catch the local morphology of the crushing front of a carbon NCF laminated plate. All these recent results are encouraging in finding solutions for fine crushing response prediction.…”