Development and Validation of Successful Aging Instrument

Abstract

Successful aging is an interdisciplinary concept. Despite the great body of literature on successful aging, few studies have focused on its subjective and multidimensional measurements. Thus, the present study aimed to develop an instrument to measure selfperceived successful aging. Methods: We used a mixed method approach. The successful aging dimensions were explored through an integrative review and qualitative study among 64 older adults. Based on the obtained qualitative data, initial item pool was designed and its content validity was evaluated. A quantitative survey among 600 older adults and exploratory factor analysis was applied to test the structural validity of the instrument. Results: The EFA results indicated that the instrument loaded into seven factors; "psychological well-being", "social support", "financial and environmental security", "spirituality", "physical and mental health", "functional health", and "health-related behavior". In addition, the instrument had a high degree of reliability coefficients. Discussion: The obtained results indicated methods of measuring successful aging, as well as the importance of generating social policy in the area of aging well; researchers should consider all dimensions of successful aging at individual and social levels.

Ageing 2023: Proceedings of 6th Gerontological Interdisciplinary Conference

“…souhrnných škál, které charakterizují rozmanité aspekty aktivního stárnutí. K nejznámějším patří postoje ke stárnutí podle škály PGCM (Philadelphia Geriatric Centre Morale Scale (Lawton, 1975)), dotazník spokojenosti ve stáří CASP-19 (Control, Autonomy, Satisfaction, Pleasure (Hyde et al, 2003)), krátká stupnice odolnosti BRCS (Brief Resilient Coping Scale (Sinclair & Wallson, 2004)), WHO-5 index emoční aktivity Světové zdravotnické organizace (Well-Being Index - WHO-5 (WHO, 1998)), dotazník kvality života OPQoL (Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire (Bowling & Stenner, 2011;Bowling, 2016)) a škála subjektivně vnímaného stárnutí SSAI (Selfperceived Successful Ageing Instrument (Zanjari et al, 2019)). Ani jeden instrument však není založen výhradně na aktivitách samotných, sleduje spíše projevy stárnutí v rovině spokojenosti a subjektivního hodnocení.…”

Comprehensive 5P Framework for Active Aging Using the Ecological Approach: An Iterative Systematic Review

“…In this study, the literature search focused on those activities in the active aging policy framework by WHO that outlined key items as physical, social, cultural, civic, spiritual, and economic activities There are some specific characteristics of the social environment that requires the elderly to meet specific demands leading to suboptimal active aging. These may include family's financial problems, a partner with health problems, unrealistic expectations of the person from their friends and families, and weak social and economic status of the area which is recognized as economic environment [1,7,23,31,41,42,71,79,87]. In addition, there is also the cultural environment which consists of religious activity, cultural events/rituals/social activity, and sense of place [43,54,55,58,81,86,88].…”

“…According to the UN (2015), the proportion of older people ≥ 65 years will skyrocket from 901 million (12.3%) in 2015 to 1.4 billion (16.5%) in 2030 (56% increase). Active aging is referred as aging well [1], and according to WHO (2002), the elderly will be able to sustain health and well-being if they increase their participation in daily activities. WHO has also described the goal of active aging as the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation, and security to enhance the quality of life as people age, while noting that these policies and programs should be based on the rights, needs, preferences, and capacities of older…”

Comprehensive 5-P framework for active ageing through ecological approach: an iterative systematic review

“…There are some specific characteristics of the social environment that necessitates the elderly to meet specific demands leading to sub-optimal active ageing. These may include family's financial problems, a partner with health problems, unrealistic expectations from the person themselves to their friends and families, weak social and economic status of the area which is recognized as economic environment [1,7,22,30,38,39,67,78,83]. In addition to these, there is also the cultural environment which consists of religious activity, cultural events/rituals/social activity and sense of place [40,50,51,54,76,82,84].…”