Development and validation of the Korean version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test

Lee, Hyerin; Nam, Gieun; Hur, Ji-Won

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238309

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the emotional valence 3-factor, overall model fit was slightly improved, but some fit indices were still poor. By looking at the results of previous studies, similar to the results of the present study in the single-factor and 3-factor model, the overall fit indices did not meet the above mentioned established criteria [ 22 , 44 ], and even a study in the Korean subjects that reported relatively fair model fit, was not seemed to be good in CFI [ 49 ]. For ease of understanding, emotions are generally categorized such as positive, negative, and neutral, but in reality, emotions are made up of more complex and subtle combinations of reactions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…By looking at the results of previous studies, similar to the results of the present study in the single-factor and 3-factor model, the overall fit indices did not meet the above mentioned established criteria, 22,44 and even a study in the Korean subjects that reported relatively fair model fit, was not seemed to be good in CFI. 49 For ease of understanding, emotions are generally categorized such as positive, negative, and neutral, but in reality, emotions are made up of more complex and subtle combinations of reactions. In line with Vellante et al, 24 proposed that the RMET may also have factor structures of more diverse dimensions rather than a few categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test”: Translated and Korean Versions

Koo

Kim

Han

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Investig

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Objective The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) was developed by using Caucasian eyes, which may not be appropriate to be used in Korean. The aims of the present study were 1) to develop a Korean version of the RMET (K-RMET) by using Korean eye stimuli and 2) to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean-translated version of the RMET and the K-RMET.Methods Thirty-six photographs of Korean eyes were selected. A total of 196 (101 females) healthy subjects were asked to take the Korean-translated version of the RMET and K-RMET. To assess internal consistency reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were computed, and test–retest reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item analysis were also conducted.Results Internal consistency, measured by Cronbach’s alpha, was 0.542 for the Korean-translated version of the RMET, and 0.540 for the K-RMET. Test–retest reliability (n=25), measured by the ICC, was 0.787 for the Korean-translated version of the RMET, and 0.758 for the K-RMET. In CFA, the assumed single and 3-factor model fit indices were not good in the both types of RMETs. There was difficulty in discrimination in nine items of the Korean-translated version of the RMET and 10 items of the K-RMET.Conclusion The psychometric properties of both the Korean-translated version of the RMET and the K-RMET are acceptable. Both tests are applicable to the clinical population, as well as the general population in Korea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test”: Translated and Korean Versions

Koo

Kim

Han

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Investig

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“…Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) [ 35 , 36 ] assessed participants’ emotion perception abilities. This 4-option multiple-choice test consists of 36 photographs of the eye region embedding different emotional valences (8 positive, 12 negative, and 16 neutral expressions).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated Resting-State Functional Anticorrelation between Attention and Executive Control Networks in Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Hur

Kim

Cho

et al. 2021

JCM

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Exploring the disruptions to intrinsic resting-state networks (RSNs) in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders yields a better understanding of the disease-specific pathophysiology. However, our knowledge of the neurobiological underpinnings of schizotypal personality disorders mostly relies on research on schizotypy or schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the RSN abnormalities of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) and their clinical implications. Using resting-state data, the intra- and inter-network of the higher-order functional networks (default mode network, DMN; frontoparietal network, FPN; dorsal attention network, DAN; salience network, SN) were explored in 22 medication-free, community-dwelling, non-help seeking individuals diagnosed with SPD and 30 control individuals. Consequently, while there were no group differences in intra-network functional connectivity across DMN, FPN, DAN, and SN, the SPD participants exhibited attenuated anticorrelation between the right frontal eye field region of the DAN and the right posterior parietal cortex region of the FPN. The decreases in anticorrelation were correlated with increased cognitive–perceptual deficits and disorganization factors of the schizotypal personality questionnaire, as well as reduced independence–performance of the social functioning scale for all participants together. This study, which links SPD pathology and social functioning deficits, is the first evidence of impaired large-scale intrinsic brain networks in SPD.

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“…The BSI includes three factors: (1) desire for death, (2) preparation for death, and (3) active suicidal desire. A high total score indicates higher levels of suicidal thoughts, and Cronbach's alpha of the Korean version of the BSI was 0.74 (52).…”

Section: Beck Scale For Suicide Ideation (Bsi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of affective theory of mind in medication-free nonsuicidal self-injury: An fMRI study

2022

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Emerging evidence indicates that emotion processing deficits are associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, limited attention has been paid to the socio-affective functions of NSSI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the affective theory of mind (ToM) in medication-free individuals engaging in NSSI at both behavioral and neural levels. Twenty-eight individuals (mean age = 22.96 years) who engaged in NSSI and 38 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched controls (mean age = 22.79 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test” (RMET). All participants also completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI). Although we did not find significant group differences in the RMET performance, the NSSI group, relative to the controls, exhibited significantly greater left medial superior frontal lobe activation and decreased right angular gyrus activation than did the control group. Reduced right angular gyrus activity was related to higher DERS and TAS scores across all participants. Our findings provide new evidence for aberrant neural processing of affective ToM in self-injurers. Future studies in developing intervention protocols for NSSI should focus on the multifaceted phases of socio-affective processing.

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Development and validation of the Korean version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

“Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test”: Translated and Korean Versions

“Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test”: Translated and Korean Versions

Attenuated Resting-State Functional Anticorrelation between Attention and Executive Control Networks in Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Neural correlates of affective theory of mind in medication-free nonsuicidal self-injury: An fMRI study

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