Development and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-Related Skills (BIMS)

Dam, Nicholas T. Van; Bilgrami, Zarina; Eisenlohr‐Moul, Tory A.

doi:10.31231/osf.io/8qdzg

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Other methodological approaches, such as item response theory (IRT), also found psychometric issues in the FFMQ (Bowman, 2014; Medvedev et al, 2018). Van Dam et al (2018) validated a multidimensional IRT model, but not without item removal, response format issues, and several modifications in the latent structure.…”

Section: Psychometric Review Of the Ffmq And Proposed Latent Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychometric Review and Conceptual Replication Study of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Latent Structure

et al. 2019

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The Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a popular tool in mindfulness research. However, its psychometric qualities and its replicability have caused controversy. This study carried out a psychometric review and a conceptual replication of the FFMQ latent structure. The review showed that previous validation studies of the FFMQ used nonoptimal methods. In addition, this conceptual replication study tested the structure of the FFMQ using frequentist and Bayesian techniques. The original structure did not provide a good fit with both techniques, while the proposed alternative provided mixed results. We also found systematic fit improvements in both techniques when the Observe facet was excluded and method factors were included. With these findings, we conclude that the conceptual replication of the FFMQ’s structure failed. Alternatively, we propose a new provisional FFMQ model with a set of recommendations regarding its application. Future research proposals on improving techniques and models toward mindfulness assessment are also presented and discussed.

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Section: Psychometric Review Of the Ffmq And Proposed Latent Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychometric Review and Conceptual Replication Study of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Latent Structure

et al. 2019

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“…Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS). The BIMS was designed to address previously identified issues with the FFMQ (see Van Dam, Bilgrami, & Eisenlohr-Moul, 2018; https://osf.io/wjz36/). The BIMS was designed to balance previously observed tendencies among non-meditators to reject mindfulness-absent items more than to endorse mindfulnesspresent items (see Van Dam et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the structured alternative format can potentially increase item confusion (see Kalmet & Fouladi, 2008), it has much potential to normalize response patterns and mitigate method effects (see Harter & Messer, 2012). The preliminary version did not achieve satisfactory response properties (see Van Dam, Bilgrami, & Eisenlohr-Moul, 2018), so we increased the number of items, selecting additional items to ensure 6 items from each of the 5 subscales of the original FFMQ. While this work was previously drafted in a preprint (https://mindrxiv.org/8qdzg/) for peer review, we lost confidence in a major aspect of our analytic approach (namely, what we now consider to be inappropriate use of the BiFactor model and subsequent reliance on an Item…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our goal was not to generate a scale that reliably measures the concept of Mindfulness in the traditional Buddhist sense (Grossman & Van Dam, 2011) but rather to improve a scale that is widely used to capture mindfulness-related skills commonly taught in contemporary psychotherapies (e.g., FFMQ), mitigating potential psychometric limitations and response biases. As such, we created a revision of the FFMQ, called the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS) by introducing the structured alternative response format (see (Harter & Messer, 2012) with both positive and negative statements for each item, as well as using an even numbered response scale for 30 revised items from the FFMQ (see Van Dam, Bilgrami, & Eisenlohr-Moul, 2018). The goals of the present work were to (1) investigate the psychometric properties of the BIMS -aiming for a 5-factor model consistent with the FFMQ,…”

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Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-Related Skills (BIMS)

et al. 2021

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Objectives:The goal of the current study was to refine and validate a revision of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), with the goal of retaining its useful features and mitigating those features that have been identified to be problematic.Methods: A 30-item pilot version of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS) was developed by implementing the structured alternative item format (presenting both positive and negative aspects of each item) and revising the wording of items. Herein, we collected data from a convenience sample of n=1,014 individuals, reduced to n=757 after data cleaning. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) on randomly separated subsets of the sample and explored response patterns and correlations with relevant measures (including a short-form of the FFMQ).Results: Parallel analysis and EFA indicated a five-factor, correlated structure across a final 27 items (omitting 3 items due to poor fit), confirmed by CFA. A full sample CFA using an asymptotically distribution free fit function indicated excellent model fit (CFI/TLI > 0.99, RMSEA < 0.05, SRMR < 0.05). The BIMS scales exhibited strong correlations with the FFMQ subscales and related scales. The scale did not, however, reduce correlations with social desirability, which has been shown to be associated with method effects. Conclusions:The BIMS represents a psychometrically sound revision of the FFMQ that retains the five-factor structure of the original scale while eliminating method effects. It is strongly correlated with the original scale and exhibits comparable correlations with attentional control, emotion regulation, and personality characteristics. Critically, the BIMS represents a measure of mindfulness-related skills, shifting the focus to clinically relevant constructs that may interact but do not necessarily sum to a unitary trait.

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confidence: 99%

Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS)

Padmanabham¹,

Bilgrami²,

Eisenlohr‐Moul³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objectives: The goal of the current study was to refine and validate a revision of the Five FacetMindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), with the goal of retaining its useful features and mitigatingthose features that have been identified to be problematic.Methods: A 30-item pilot version of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills(BIMS) was developed by implementing the structured alternative item format (presenting bothpositive and negative aspects of each item) and revising the wording of items. Herein, wecollected data from a convenience sample of n=1,014 individuals, reduced to n=757 after datacleaning. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses(CFA) on randomly separated subsets of the sample and explored response patterns andcorrelations with relevant measures (including a short-form of the FFMQ).Results: Parallel analysis and EFA indicated a five-factor, correlated structure across a final 27items (omitting 3 items due to poor fit), confirmed by CFA. A full sample CFA using anasymptotically distribution free fit function indicated excellent model fit (CFI/TLI > 0.99,RMSEA < 0.05, SRMR < 0.05). The BIMS scales exhibited strong correlations with the FFMQsubscales and related scales. The scale did not, however, reduce correlations with socialdesirability, which has been shown to be associated with method effects.Conclusions: The BIMS represents a psychometrically sound revision of the FFMQ that retainsthe five-factor structure of the original scale while eliminating method effects. It is stronglycorrelated with the original scale and exhibits comparable correlations with attentional control,emotion regulation, and personality characteristics. Critically, the BIMS represents a measure ofmindfulness-related skills, shifting the focus to clinically relevant constructs that may interactbut do not necessarily sum to a unitary trait.

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Development and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-Related Skills (BIMS)

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

A Psychometric Review and Conceptual Replication Study of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Latent Structure

A Psychometric Review and Conceptual Replication Study of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Latent Structure

Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-Related Skills (BIMS)

Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS)

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