Development and Validation of the Short Grit Scale (Grit–S)

Abstract

In this article, we introduce brief self-report and informant-report versions of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals. The Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) retains the 2-factor structure of the original Grit Scale (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007) with 4 fewer items and improved psychometric properties. We present evidence for the Grit-S's internal consistency, test-retest stability, consensual validity with informant-report versions, and predictive validity. Among adults, the Grit-S was associated with educational attainment and fewer career changes. Among adolescents, the Grit-S longitudinally predicted GPA and, inversely, hours watching television. Among cadets at the United States Military Academy, West Point, the Grit-S predicted retention. Among Scripps National Spelling Bee competitors, the Grit-S predicted final round attained, a relationship mediated by lifetime spelling practice.

Interprofessional Education: Building Student Resilience and Grit through Teamwork

“…When an individual with grit is faced with insurmountable odds and a mountain of work to reach a goal, one response may be to dig down deep and push to finish what has been started, even when those around have become discouraged and choose to pursue a different goal. A gritty individual is diligent, hardworking, and able to remain positive despite setbacks [8]. Grit entails working strenuously toward challenges, maintaining effort and interest, having stamina, and approaching achievement as a "marathon, rather than a sprint" [9].…”

“…Duckworth [8] argues that teaching persistence in students is not well understood, but changing students to have a growth mindset and believe that they can improve is one promising hypothesis [2]. Framing this hypothesis in terms of intrinsic motivation, training students to tap into "Mastery" may develop grit or resilience [5,20].…”

Assessing Competencies and Proficiency of Army Intelligence Analysts Across the Career Life Cycle

“…Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007, presents evidence of the psychometric properties of the grit scale along with several studies of its predictive validity. Other research, described earlier in this chapter, also used the grit scale (Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007;Duckworth and Quinn, 2009;Kelly, Matthews, and Bartone, 2014).…”

“…This construct, referred to as "grit," can be measured with a short, multiplechoice scale (Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007). Grit scores predict a wide variety of outcomes for children and adults, including educational attainment, grade-point average (GPA) at an elite university, completion of a rigorous summer training program at West Point, graduation from West Point, and performance at the Scripps National Spelling Bee (Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007;Duckworth and Quinn, 2009;Kelly, Matthews, and Bartone, 2014). Although it is related to conscientiousness, grit accounts for more variance in outcomes than conscientiousness does alone (Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007).…”

“…To measure grit, Duckworth and her colleagues have developed brief measures, including a 12-item scale (Duckworth, Peterson, et al, 2007) and an eight-item scale (Duckworth and Quinn, 2009). These grit scales consist of two subscales: perseverance and consistency of interests.…”